Application Of Opioid Analgesics Combined With Bupivacaine In Canine Brachial Plexus Block

Ultrasound-guided nerve block technology is not widely used in small animals,but it is indeed a practical technology and worthy of research.Opioid analgesics play a role as a commonly used drug in animal clinical practice.Among the major pet hospitals,butorphanol and buprenorphine are the most widely used.This article compares the effects of buprenorphine and butorphanol combined with bupivacaine on canine brachial plexus block and canine blood routine and biochemical parameters under ultrasound guidance.Fifteen experimental dogs were randomly divided into three groups of 5 each.After respiratory anesthesia,bupivacaine(4 mg/kg)was injected through the brachial plexus subgingival pathway after ultrasound localization.After the second group of positioning,buprenorphine(0.6 mg/kg)and bupivacaine(4 mg/kg)were injected from the brachial plexus submental pathway.After the third group of positioning,butorphanol(0.6 mg/kg)and bupivacaine(4 mg/kg)were injected from the brachial plexus subgingival pathway.Record and analyze the effect of hindered sensory nerve block and exercise time block in experimental animals.Blood was drawn before and after the experiment,and blood routine and biochemical changes were compared and analyzed.Experimental results:(1)There was a significant difference between the butorphanol,buprenorphine and bupivacaine groups in the time of sensory nerve block and walking ability(P<0.01).There was no difference between the buprenorphine experimental group and the butorphanol experimental group(P>0.05).(2)There was a significant difference between the buprenorphine experimental group and the bupivacaine experimental group in the block reaction time(P<0.01),and the butorphanol experimental group and the bupivacaine experimental group were significant.Difference(P<0.05).There was no difference between the buprenorphine experimental group and the butorphanol experimental group(P>0.05).(3)The white blood cells of the three groups of experimental animals increased before and after the experiment,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).There was no increase or decrease in red blood cells,and there was no significant difference between the experimental groups(P>0.05).There were significant differences in the volume distribution width(RDW)of the three platelets in the experimental group before and after the experiment(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the mean erythrocyte hemoglobin content(MCH)between the experimental group and the experimental group(P<0.05).There was a significant difference between the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2 mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration(MCHC).(P<0.01).(4)In the three experimental groups,blood glucose levels increased slightly before and after the experiment,while inosine decreased slightly.Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and alkaline phosphatase were also slightly reduced.There was a significant difference in the change of urea nitrogen in the experimental group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the experimental group 2 and the experimental group 3.There were significant differences in the three groups of ALT experiments(P<0.05).There was a significant difference between the experimental group 1 and the experimental group ? alkaline phosphatase before and after the experiment(P<0.05).Based on the above experimental results,the combination of buprenorphine,butorphanol and bupivacaine can significantly reduce the onset time of block and increase the total time of block,which is worthy of further research in the clinic.