Analysis Of Yield Characters Of Wheat Varieties(Lines) In The Middle And Lower Yangtze

Twenty-six wheat varieties were selected from 2015?2016 national regional test of middle and lower Yangtze as materials,grown in XingXiang-Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center,Zhenjiang city,Jiangsu province,with randomized block design,three repeats.By analyzing the yield properties of 26 wheat varieties,the results were as follows:1.The average yield of the 26 varieties was 5805.60 kg/hm2.Among them,nine wheat varieties yield increased by more than 5%compared with the control(Yangmai20),and the yield of China 1028's reached 6250.00 kg/hm2,increased by 9.79%.For the variation coefficient of factors affecting the yield,the largest one is spike grain weight,followed by grain number per spike,thousand-kernel weight,yield and effective panicle number.The results show that the spike grain weight had the greatest effect on yield,and the spike grain weight is the result of the collective effect of grains per spike and thousand-kernal weight.Thus,the spike grain weight has the greatest effect on the yield,followed by the number of grains per spike and the thousand-grain weight.2.Of the 26 wheat varieties,the effective panicle number of 10 varieties,the grain number per spike of 2 varieties,the thousands-grain weight of 15 varieties and the gain weight of 8 varietie increased by more than 5%compare with control.The difference of spike grains weight between varieties was not significant,but the difference of spike grain number and thousands-grain weight was significant.3.The correlation analysis of yield and its components showed that the effective panicle number,the number of grains per spike and thousand-grain weight and spike grain weight were significantly positively correlated with the yield.The correlation between spike grain weight and yield is the highest,followed by effective panicle number and spike grain weight.Thus,only based on stabilized effective panicle number,further coordinate the interrelationships of grains number per spike and thousand-grain weight can improve wheat yield.4.The results of cluster analysis showed that the genetic distance between the cultivars within same group was close,and the genetic distance between varieties among the different groups was far.It is advisable to choose the parent from different groups in breeding.