| Huanghuai wheat area is the largest wheat planting area, and also one of the most importantwheat producing areas in China. Breeding and expanding the new high quality and high yield wheatvarieties are the most economic and effective way to increase the yield. Study on wheat yield and itsrelated factors, establish the wheat breeding direction and strategy, break out the high productionwandering situation, increase the yield per unit, have great significance for the increase of agricultureproduction and the farmer’s income. We want to via the analysis of different wheat variety’s yieldand yield relevant factors in Huanghuai area, get their yield performance and the yield relevantfactors effect on yield, hope to provide supports for the breeding objective of Huanghuai wheat area.EXP was held on CAAS dwarf-male-sterile wheat breeding technology innovation center ofXinxiang in the2011-2012year. We selected14wheat cultivars which were approved andpopularized in recently as the object of study, arranged this exp by randomized block design andthree replications. We sorted the collected data, and made a classification analysis of data processingusing SAS software. To clarify the relation between yield and its related factors, by the analysis ofvariance, correlation analysis, regression analysis, path analysis and other methods.The results not only confirmed the important role of unit area kernels on the yield increasingprogress, but also prove the spike number is the key assurance of the yield increasing. The effectivespike of those varieties in the northern parts of Huanghuai wheat region is higher than those in thesouthern parts. So we should consider more about the effective spike in the northern region and toconsidering other factors on the basis of ensuring the population in the southern parts.The results showed, the direct effect of grains per spike on yield was biggest, showed asignificant positive correlation, and the grain number per spike have high significant positivecorrelation with yield and negative correlation with number of productive ear, that means in thewheat breeding, we should pay more attention on the coordination between them and on the base ofpopulations to enhance the yield-increasing effect of kernels per spike. At the same time,1000-grainweight and yield showed significant positive correlation, there is a clear positive effect on Yield andhas little effect with other yield components factors, increase1000-grain weight is ideal for yieldbreeding. In the high wheat yield breeding of Huanghuai wheat region, we should focus onimproving the1000-seed weight, maintain the number of productive ear and excavate the potential oft kernels per spike to per sure the best genotype of these three factors.We also get the results that the growth period, plant height, economic coefficient, etc have largeimpact on yield and should to be involved as the important selection target. On the wheat breeding allthe relevant factors should be coordinated, that is the key factor of high yield wheat breeding, via toimprove the quality of the population. Therefore, we mainly select in big spike early semi winterwheat cultivars in south of Huanghuai wheat region, should pay attention to the plant lodging, pre-harvest sprouting and grain filling rate in the late, but we should choice higher1000-grain weightweak winter and semi-winter multiple spike type wheat varieties in north of Huanghuai wheat region. |
