Study On Flavonoids And Phenols Contents In Chinese Dwarf Cherry Germplasm Resources And The Annual Dynamic Changes Of Organs

Chinese dwarf cherry(Ceasrush humilis(Bge.)Sok)is a small dwarf deciduous shrub fruit tree of the Rosaceae,cherry genus,cherry subgenus.It is a homologous plant of medicine and food,and it has comprehensive utilization in roots,branches,leaves,flowers,fruits and kernels,showing good economic and ecological benefits in production.Chinese dwarf cherry is rich in phenolic compounds,but its production and distribution usually have specificity such as species,varieties,developmental stages,tissues and organs.In this study,different Chinese dwarf cherry germplasm resources were used as test materials to determine the contents of flavonoids and phenols by aluminum nitrate colorimetric method and forinol colorimetric method.To study the contents of flavonoids and phenols in different organs and at different developmental stages of roots,stem source roots,bearing branches,basal shoots,leaves,flowers,fruits and different developmental stages and the contents of flavonoids and phenols in Chinese dwarf cherry fruits under different light conditions.The main findings are as follows:1.According to variance analysis,the contents of flavonoids and phenols in 40 Chinese dwarf cherry clutivars were significantly different(p<0.01).Moreover,the variation coefficient of total flavonoids and phenols was more than 20% for two consecutive years.The total flavonoids ranged from 4.08 to 12.33mg/g FW,with an average value of 7.27 mg/g FW,the total phenols ranged from 2.40 to 6.25 mg/g FW,with an average value of 3.82 mg/g FW,and the contents of cultivated varieties was lower than that of wild resource varieties.According to fruit color indexes brighness(L*),redness(a*),yellowness(b*),it was found that flavonoids and phenols contents in Chinese dwarf cherry germplasm resources were significantly positively correlated with L*,and significantly negatively correlated with a*.2.Total flavonoids in different organs of Chinese dwarf cherry were as follows: roots > fruits > stem source roots > bearing branches > leaves > basal shoots > flowers;total phenols were as follows: roots >stem source roots > fruits > bearing branches > leaves > flowers > basal shoots.The contents of flavonoids and phenols in roots and stem source roots were higher than the ground organs.The average totalflavonoids of roots was 142.32 mg/g DW,and the average total phenols was 72.83 mg/g DW,the average total flavonoids of stem source roots was 135.91 mg/g DW,and the average total phenols was 71.96 mg/g DW.The contents of flavonoids and phenols in the underground organs of Chinese dwarf cherry varied in the year of the roots and stem source roots,total flavonoids and phenols increased from March(germination period)to May(shoot growth period),then decreased to August(shoot stopping period),and slowly increased from August to November(dormant period).The average total flavonoids of two years bearing branch was 77.59mg/g DW,and the average total phenols was 46.04 mg/g DW.Except ‘Nongda No.4',the contents of flavonoids and phenols in the two years bearing branches decreased firstly and then increased rapidly.The average total flavonoids of basal shoots was 49.84 mg/g DW,and the average total phenols was 28.14 mg/g DW.In April,the contents of flavonoids and phenols in basal shoots were at a low level.In May,the contents of flavonoids and phenols reached the lowest level and then increased rapidly.The average total flavonoids of flowers was 40.94 mg/g DW,and the average total phenols was 34.74 mg/g DW.The contents of flavonoids and phenols in flowers of 'Nongda No.6','Nongda No.7' and '01-01'decreased in the flowering period.The average total flavonoids of fruits was 141.36 mg/g DW,and the average total phenols was 51.12 mg/g DW.The contents of flavonoids and phenols in Chinese dwarf cherry fruits decreased during fruit development,The average total flavonoids of leaves was 67.76 mg/g DW,and the average total phenols was 37.46 mg/g DW.The contents of flavonoids and phenols in Chinese dwarf cherry leaves increased during its development.The total flavonoids and phenols in the same organ showed significant correlation.The total flavonoids in Chinese dwarf cherry fruits were significant negatively correlated with the total flavonoids in the two years bearing branches,and extremely significant negatively correlated with the total flavonoids in the basal shoots and leaves,and extremely significant positively correlated with the total flavonoids in flowers.3.With the decrease of light intensity,the mature stage of Chinese dwarf cherry fruit was delayed,the surface color of red fruit became lighter,and the contents of flavonoids,phenols and tannins decreased.