| 3.8 billion tons of manure and slurry from livestock and poultry raising is produced in China every year and its comprehensive utilization rate is less than 60%.The resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure is an important way to solve the problem of breeding pollution and ensure the healthy and stable development of animal husbandry.As one of the key links of resource utilization,the final application of livestock and poultry manure,due to the lack of available mechanical equipment,is still mainly artificially applied.Those characteristics of labor intensity and low efficiency have affected the further development of the utilization of livestock and poultry manure resources.Therefore,in view of the research status of manure disposal in China and the development requirements of livestock machinery,it is of practical value to develop a slurry spreader for China's national conditions.By studying the resource utilization of livestock slurry and the existing manure disposal equipment,this paper designs a slurry spreader for small and medium-sized livestock and poultry farms.The overall design,including:slurry tank,spreading equipment,frame parts,chassis and tires.The volume of the slurry tank is 8 m3,the diameter is 1.5 m,and the length of the middle section is 4.2 m.The middle section is opened to inhale and discharge air and slurry.The heads of the slurry tank are designed as THB dish shapes.The front head opened is used to install the liquid level pointer and the observation cover.The rear head opened is provided with a cover for cleaning.By calculating the actual distribution of slurry in the slurry tank,the article limits the pressure requirements of the pump.Combined with the actual situation,the blade vacuum pump is finally selected to meet the boost and pressure reduction requirements in the tank under different working conditions.In this paper,an external liquid level pointer is designed to identify the slurry level in the tank.The anti-wave plate is designed to relieve the liquid shock in the tank.A two-stage anti-overflow valve is designed to further protect the pump body.For the functional spreading parts,this paper designs a ground-spreading splash-plate spreading device,a tube-type spreading device and a soil-applied vertical-chisel spreading device to meet different application requirements.This article designs the frame to carry the liquid tank and connects to the chassis and the tractor.By calculating the bearing capacity of the chassis and the tire,this paper selects the axle with a wheelbase of 1300mm,multiple leaf springs and suitable wide-section tires which ensures that the tire has a low tire compaction capacity(CC)index.By using the Simulation package and finite element analysis software ANSYS,the paper carries out loading analysis of key components such as slurry tank and frame,and conducts the verification tests and the optimization design.Using ICEM CFD software to divide meshes of the application process,using FLUENT software to simulate the application of manure at different levels of different factors,this paper concludes that the optimal design scheme is as follows:the outlet diameter is 80 mm,the angle of the splash plate is 135°,and the average flow rate is 25 L/s. |
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