Throwing Characteristics Analysis And Experimental Research Of Farm Manure Spreader

The unreasonable application of chemical fertilizers leads to the decrease of soil organic matter content and compaction,such as a series of soil problems.Increasing application of farmyard manure can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and alleviate the damage of fertilizer to soil.However,due to the manure has caking,high moisture content,strong labor intensity,artificial spread unevenly and other issues,so the application of farmyard manure is very limited.Worst of all,there are two problems on mechanization fertilizing: First,most of the existing farmyard manure spreader were introduced from abroad,these spreader are bulky and expensive,which is not conducive to popularization;The other was the domestic production of farmyard manure spreader to imitation-based,and lack of in-depth study on the spreader techniques,the effect of fertilization was not ideal.These problems has hinder farmyard manure implemented widely.Regarding the issue above,a new type of farmyard manure spreader was emerging.This spreader is towed,transporting manure by wheel driving system,throwing manure by tractor power output.This paper has reviewed the domestic and international development of organic fertilizer(liquid and solid)applicator,determine the structure of new spreader,determination the physical characteristic parameters of farmyard manure,explained hoe the spreader to work,analysis the motion process of fertilizer,and have spreader test.The content and results of the study are as follows:(1).The physical characteristic properties of farmyard manure were determined,including moisture content,bulk density,friction angle and natural angle of repairs.The moisture content of compost is 67.8%,the bulk density is 514.6kg/m3,the sliding friction angle is 30.1°,the repose angle is 36.7 °;the moisture content of cow manure is 42.7%,the bulkdensity was the 497kg/m3,the sliding friction angle is 35.1° and the natural angle of reposeangle is 41.7°,which provides the parameter basis for the development of the spreader.(2).According to the physical characteristics parameters of farm manure,combined with the development status of farmyard spreader at china and oversea and the agronomic requirements of spreader,a traction spreader was developed.The spreader transporting fertilizer by wheel driving system,throwing fertilizer by tractor power output Through the theoretical calculation todetermine the transport manure speed range: 0.03m/s ~ 0.06m/s,the rotating speed range is:300r/min~380r/min;(3).Based on the analysis of the mechanical and motion of fertilizer in the process of spraying,the dynamics model of fertilizer was established.From the range of rotating speed 300 r min~380r/min,determine the spreader width is 1.4 m~2.4 m,which provides the theoretical basis for the subsequent experimental study and the design of the test scheme.(4).In the single-factor test,keep the spreader speed and scraper spacing unchanged,change the rotating speed of spreader,the CV decreases with the increase of spreader rotating speed firstly and it increase suddenly;Keep the rotating speed of spreader and scraper spacing unchanged,change spreader speed,the CV decrease first and then increase with increase of spreader speed;and the CV of uniformity at 4.5km/h is less than 3.5km/h and 5.5km/h.;At the rotating speed of spreader and the spreader speed were constant,the scraper spacing is changed,the change of CV was not obvious with the scraper spacing in the range of 150mm~300mm,but the scraper spacing from 300 mm set to 450 mm,the CV surged from 23.1% to 46.7%,beyond the existing national standard.The test results which provides a reference for the subsequent orthogonal experiment.(5).In the orthogonal array experiment methods,the rotating speed,the spreader speed and the scraper spacing were set as the experimental factors,and the CV and the spreader width were the experimental indexes.The variance analysis of the experimental results was carried out using Design-Expert8.0.6.According to statistics,rotating speed of spreader was the most effective factor on the CV,the was spreader speed and the scraper spacing;And the combination of the optimal parameters was the rotating speed of spreader is 365r/min,the machine speed is 4.5km/h,and the scraper spacing is 300mm;For the spreading width,the most effective factor was rotating speed,then was the speed of spreader and the scraper spacing,the optimal parameter combination:rotating speed is 380r/min,spreader speed of 4.5km/h,scraper spacing of 300 mm.