Effect Of Organic Water-soluble Fertilizer On Growth Physiology,Yield And Quality Of Potato

To explore the effects of foliar spraying of organic water-soluble fertilizers on growth physiology,yield,quality and commodity rate of potatoes,2 potato varieties,Favorita and Shepody,were used as experimental materials in this study.Using split-plot design methods,potato varieties are the main areas,and the concentration gradients of organic water-soluble fertilizers are the secondary area.The traits of the potato during the whole growing period were studied.The results showed that:1.Organic water-soluble fertilizers had no significant effect on the plant height during the whole growth period of the two potato varieties,but had a significant effect on the stem diameter.With the increase of the spraying amount of the organic water-soluble fertilizer,the stem diameters of the two potato varieties showed the trend of increasing first and then decreasing on the whole.2.Spraying organic water-soluble fertilizer can significantly increase the number of stolons of Shepody.3.The organic water-soluble fertilizer can significantly reduce the rate of decline of net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO₂ concentration,and transpiration rate in the later stage of growth.With the amount of spraying increases.and the rate of decline of the net photosynthetic rate increased first and then decreased.4.Spraying organic water-solubilizing fertilizer had no significant effect on the dry matter accumulation of the two potato varieties at the early growth stage,but it could significantly increase the dry matter accumulation of tubers and the whole plant at the later growth stage,especially for the variety of Shepody The application of organic water-soluble fertilizer can significantly improve the content of starch and crude protein at the time of harvest of both varieties,and the FC3 and XC4treatments were the best.The starch content of FC3 was 15.339%,which was 6.29%higher than that of FC1?CK?.The starch content of XC4 was 15.109%,which was 8.76%higher than that of CK.5.Spraying organic water-solubility fertilizer can significantly increase the content of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in potato at each stage,slow down the rate of decline of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.As a whole,there existed a phenomenon that low concentration promotes but high-level inhibition.And during the whole growth cycle,the distribution ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in stems and leaves gradually decreased,while the distribution ratios in tubers gradually increased,and reached a maximum around 65 days after emergence.The best treatment for this experiment is FC3 and XC3.6.Spraying different concentrations of organic water-soluble fertilizer had no significant effect on potato weight and total yield of Favorita and Shepody,but had a significant effect on the number of tubers per plant and the commodity rate.With the increase of the dosage of the organic water-soluble fertilizer,the total number of tubers per plant of Favorita decreased,but its rate of commodity gradually increased by 9.33%.AS for Shepody,With the increase of the dosage of the organic water-soluble fertilizer,the number of tubers per plant as a whole showed an upward trend,but its commodity rate has gradually declined by 7.51%.