Study On Application And Fertilizer Effect Of New Potassium,Calcium And Magnesium Sulfate Fertilizer On Potato

Potato is the fourth largest food crop after rice,wheat and corn,and it has a vast planting area in China.Potato is a potassium-loving crop,with the nutritional characteristics of absorbing a large amount of potassium,requiring 9.2 kg K₂O per1000 kg tuber production.China’s potash production tends to be stable,only accounting for 12.19%of the world’s total potash production,domestic potash fertilizer production can only meet about 50%of China’s total potash demand,the rest of the demand for potash all rely on imports.In recent years,the rising price of potash fertilizer has led to the increase of farmers’planting costs.In order to improve the utilization of potash resources and reduce the cost of farmers’potash fertilizer application,Zhejiang AMP and ICL jointly develop and produce new potassium,calcium and magnesium sulfate fertilizer.The new fertilizer is a kind of multi-element fertilizer rich in potassium,calcium,magnesium,sulfur and so on,which is produced from halostone（K₂Ca₂Mg[SO₄]₄·2H₂O）.Mixed halide stone is widely distributed in China and has a large amount of mineral resources,which can be used as a potential resource of potash fertilizer,calcium,magnesium and sulfur fertilizer.This can not only solve the shortage of potash fertilizer resources in China,but also solve the problem of supplemental elements in crops.Scholars at home and abroad have made a preliminary study on the properties and application effects of new potassium calcium magnesium sulfate fertilizer.However,there is a lack of in-depth research on the fertilizer efficiency performance,application amount and the difference of other commercially available potassium fertilizers on specific crops.For the above reasons,In this study two representative soils were selected for potato field experiments,The effects of applying Poly halite on physical and chemical properties and available potassium,calcium,magnesium and sulfur contents of different types of soils were studied,The effects of Poly halite on potato growth and development,potato yield,quality and yield were investigated to provide theoretical basis for the application of Poly halite in potato planting.The main results are as follows:（1）The new potassium calcium magnesium sulfate fertilizer can improve soil p H and neutralize soil acidity.The test results in the black soil district of Liaoyuan City in Jilin Province and the brown soil district of Yingkou City in Southern Liaoning Province show that,In the potato harvest period,the soil p H of PLOY2（PLOY 600kg/hm²）,SOP2（SOP 156 kg/hm²）and SOPM（SOPM 600 kg/hm²）treatments increased by 0.36-0.32 and 0.18-0.2 p H units,respectively.（2）The new potassium calcium magnesium sulfate fertilizer could not only increase the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium in soil,but also significantly increase the contents of available sulfur,exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium in soil,thus improving soil fertility.Experiments in black soil area of Liaoyuan City,Jilin Province and brown soil area of Yingkou City,Southern Liaoning Province showed that the soil available potassium content of PLOY2 treatment,SOP2 treatment and SOPM treatment at the full flowering stage of potato were respectively,304.37 mg/kg-287.42 mg/kg,303.78 mg/kg-279.24 mg/kg,297.58 mg/kg-278.67 mg/kg.It can be seen that there is no obvious difference in the potassium supply capacity of the new potassium sulfate calcium magnesium fertilizer,potassium sulfate magnesium fertilizer and potassium sulfate.（3）The new potassium calcium magnesium sulfate fertilizer can improve dry matter accumulation and nutrient accumulation in potato shoot.And the Poly halite could improve the potato commercial potato rate,which reached 75.43%in the black soil experiment of Liaoyuan City,Jilin Province,and 77.67%in the brown soil experiment of Yingkou City,Liaoning Province,respectively,which were higher than the potassium sulfate and potassium and magnesium sulfate control treatments.（4）The maximum potato yield was 43732 kg/hm²in the black soil test site of Liaoyuan city,Jilin province,which increased by 8.46%and 7.08%compared with the potassium sulfate and potassium magnesium sulfate control treatments,respectively.The highest potato yield was 41400 kg/hm²in Yingkou city,Liaoning province,which was 6.51%and 3.38%higher than that of potassium sulfate and potassium sulfate magnesium fertilizer,respectively.（5）The Poly halite can increase the potato planting yield.In the black soil test site of Liaoyuan City,Jilin Province,the potato has the highest net yield of 21886yuan/hm²,and in the brown soil test site of Yingkou City,Liaoning Province,the potato has the highest net yield of 19587 yuan/hm².According to soil fertility,economic benefit and production practice,based on the fertilizer amount of N-120kg/hm²,P₂O₅-54 kg/hm²and K₂O-66 kg/hm²,it is suggested that the optimal application amount of new potassium sulfate,calcium magnesium and potassium sulfate is 798 kg/hm²and 284 kg/hm²respectively in the black soil area.In brown soil area,the optimal application amount of new K₂SO₄calcium magnesium fertilizer is1062 kg/hm²,and the optimal application amount of K₂SO₄is 244 kg/hm².（6）Increasing application of potassium,calcium and magnesium fertilizer can increase potato yield and commercial potato rate.In the black soil area of Liaoyuan City,Jilin Province,the tuber yield increased by 7.59%and the rate of commercial tuber increased by 4.34%with the addition of K₂O of 78 kg/hm²on the basis of CK treatment（only compound fertilizer was applied）.On the basis of SOP2 treatment,Mg O increased 36 kg/hm²,the yield increased by 1.29%,and the rate of commercial potato increased by 0.7%.On the basis of SOPM treatment,the yield increased by7.07%and the rate of commercial potato increased by 1.69%with 96 kg/hm²Ca O;In the brown soil area of Yingkou City,Liaoning Province,the stem yield increased by 10.07%and the rate of commercial tuber increased by 4.38%with the addition of K₂O of 78 kg/hm²on the basis of CK treatment.On the basis of SOP2 treatment,Mg O increased 36 kg/hm²,the yield increased by 0.49%,and the rate of commercial potato increased by 2.43%.On the basis of SOPM treatment,the yield increased by3.38%and the rate of commercial potato increased by 3.42%with 96 kg/hm²Ca O.To sum up the new potassium sulfate calcium magnesium fertilizer can improve the soil p H,improve soil potassium and calcium magnesium,sulfur content,effective nitrogen can satisfy the potato demand for nitrogen potassium magnesium calcium sulfur element,increase the rate of potato commodity potato,increase yield of the potato tuber and potato aboveground nutrient accumulation of dry matter,make potato to increase,the effect of income.