| Gelsemine,also known as alias duanchangcao,tea medicine,is poisonous to human.The main toxic substances are gelsemine alkali and other extract.However,gelsemine shows effect on promoting growth to cows,pigs and sheep.Feed was added with gelsemine to promote growth for livestock and poultry in Guangdong,Fujian and other places.In this study,Gelsemium extracts as feed additive will feed breeding pigs in order to study the growth promoting effect and the possible mechanism.1.Breeding pig growth test:Using the single factor randomized experimental des-ign with similar weight,body condition good landrace yourshire cross piglets at 56 days of age 75 breeding pigs,which average weight(18.63±0.36)kg,were randomly divided into 5 groups,the control group was fed the basal diet without addition of extract,test groups fed with 25?50?100mg/kg gelsemium extract extracted by ethyl alcohol and 150 ppm gelsemium extract extracted by acid separately for 49 days.The results showed that gelsemium extract had obvious promoting growth effect,compared to the control group.By weighing the heart,spleen,kidney and other organs from pigs,the results of organ index showed no significant difference between the experimental and the control group,which showed that gelsemium extract had little or no effect on pig heart,spleen,kidney and other important organs.2.The blood physiological and biochemical indexes showed that the Gelsemium extract had no significant impact on the test pigs hematology,Detection of cytokines in the serum by ELISA found the gelsemium extract has significant effect for IL-2 and SST,which showed that the gelsemium extract could promote immune effect.3.The bacterial colony was counted for calculating the number of Breeding pig intestinal Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus.The results showed that the number of E.coli in each test group was lower than that in the blank group,and the high dose group was 8.74% lower than that in the blank group(P<0.05).However,the number of lactic acid bacteria showed an increase in the middle dose showed significant difference(P<0.05).The number of lactic acid bacteria increased by 4.9% and 6.5%,respectively(P<0.01).Promoting the gelsemium lactobacilli value had a certain inhibitory effect on intestinal Escherichia coli at the same time.4.Bacteria flora of the piglet caecum were analyzed and investigated using a PCR-DGGE,and cluster analysis was used to investigate the difference of cecal microflora among different groups.The results showed that the middle dose group and high dose group of ethanol extract of Gelsemium and the group of acid-water extract of Gelsemium had low similarity coefficients.Furthermore,the similarity coefficients were similar to each of the three groups above,which indicated that a strong action of regulatory role,regulation strength similarity,existed for the structure of the piglet caecum in the three groups.5.By HE staining and transmission electron microscopy,intestinal morphology were observed.The results showed that the extract improved the finishing pig growth of small intestinal villi,alleviate the villus injury,and could better maintain the intestinal morphology,enhanced intestinal absorption efficiency,accelerated the metabolism of Breeding pigs,promoted the growth of Breeding pigs. |
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