Resource Restriction And Market Induction: The Professionalization Process Of Fishermen And Endogenous Development

Rongcheng is an eastern coastal city of Jiaodong Peninsula.The subjects of this research are three fishing villages near to Jinghai fishery Group in Rongcheng.This area is mainly mountainous and hilly,thus it is not suitable for grain cultivation.Based on its excellent geographical location and abundant marine resources,marine fishing has become the local production tradition and economic mainstays.After the reform and opening up,the local rural labor was liberated from collective production,and the private fishing business was developed.The fishermen began to return to the state of decentralized production from collective production.Driven by market mechanism,private unrestrained fishing and lack of government regulation,offshore marine resources were exhausted and fishing income was decreased.Fishermen were facing a survival crisis.Jinghai district took fishermen welfare as a fundamental foothold with utilization of rural labor and technical resources in the development of deep-sea fishing road.In this process,the fishermen finished the transform from the traditional fishermen's identity to the professional crew.Their professional identity and the confidence in the development of the country enhanced the willingness to stay in this district.The fishing village realized the development and transformation through the internal strength.The study issues of this article are: 1.What kind of changes for the fishermen in the course of collectivization to the development of market economy;2.How fishermen survived and went to the endogenous road under the constraint of resources;3.What is the fact and possible path of the professional state for fishermen? Around these questions,the author carried out a field survey of three fishing villages in Jinghai district for two months.The conclusion is as follows: First,endogenous development concerns human development.The increase of fishermen's income and the improvement of living standard are the root for local villages to achieve endogenous development.Therefore,we can think that we must pay attention to the development of human in the region to achieve the endogenous development.Second,resource constraint is the critical point to the transformation of the endogenous development in the fishing village.The exhausted of resources triggers the change of original production mode to actively take advantage of the internal technology,experience and traditional culture on the road of endogenous development;Third,professionalization is one of the ways for endogenous development.It is a spontaneous process and dominated by the market.The author thinks that although the fishing village has its own particularity,the fishermen's professionalization path and the rural development mode relying on internal strength can be used for reference.