| The professional control against crop pests in accordance with the development direction of modern agriculture, is considered as an effective way to improve the controlling capability of crop pests as well as ensure the food security, the quality safety of agricultural products and the ecological environment security. Hunan province is of high productivity in rice, which is also one of the earliest and most successful provinces that develop the professional control against pests on rice. This paper investigates the current status of the occurrence and damage caused by pests on rice and its management, to understand the organizational form, operation mode, successful experience and existing problems of the professional control organizations against pests on rice. Besides, it concludes corresponding strategies for the future development of this area, as the reference for the government and other professional control organizations, so as to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the professional control organizations against crop pests. The research result is shown as follows:1. The planting area of rice in Hunan province was more than4million hectares, accounts for some13%of the national planting area.But the average yield of rice in Hunan was lower than that of the national, attributed to the serious pest damage on rice. Rice pest control relies mainly on chemical control. Professional unified control rule area accounts for only about21%of the rice planting area. A family controls the inappropriate use of pesticides, poor control effects, pesticide packaging mismanagement and pesticides poisoning, frequent accidents of producing quality safety, environmental pollution, and many other problems.2. Rice plant diseases and insect pests of Hunan province professional unified control rule have made certain achievements.Existing professional prevention and control organizations,1365,1365,2012and2013, the province professional unified control ruling area of666700hectares,800000hectares, and respectively866700hectares, of rice pest control area respectively15.09%,18.08%and21.57%; The main organizational form has the company type, cooperative type and grassroots organization type3kinds.3.Specialized in rice in Hunan province have made a lot of successful experience of prevention and control of the organization construction, including the specification with farmers and contract management, between the writers study team member has clear; Select carefully service station; Strictly picked writers team; Scientific, standard control process control plan; Adhere to the scientific purchase drugs and drug use; Buy insurance for axial-flow compressor. In order companies, farmers and to control the risk; Give well control training for the service station, writers players, and farmers; the introduction of advanced spray equipment; Conduct vigorous propaganda of professional unified control rule.But in the development process of prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests of rice in Hunan province professional organization, is also facing the degree of marketization is not high, scale is not big, prevention and control work intensity and high risk, machinist team is not stable and the quality is not high, the prevention and treatment of dispute handling difficult, service, price is difficult to improve, agricultural materials enterprise unfair competition, spray equipment low efficiency and difficult problems, such as after-sales service. At the same time, Hunan plant protection mechanism is not sound enough, can’t provide good technical support to the prevention and control of a professional organization.4.Based on the above problems, this paper puts forward the construction and development of rice in Hunan province professional advices and countermeasures of prevention and control organizations:Vigorously promote market-oriented operation; Prevention and control mode of adjust measures to local conditions; Key support and promote professional prevention and control of mountainous area; Promote paddy circulation; The government support the development of advanced spray equipment and purchase; Active extension service chain, to carry out a variety of business; Improve the organization operation and the third party evaluation mechanism; To strengthen the construction of system of plant protection and support. |
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