| Mung bean is a traditional export crop in China.It is both edible and officinal as a minor grain crop,it’s also one of the dominant crops in Shanxi province and even all over the country and plays an important role in the international trade of edible beans.We studied the agronomic traits of Mung Beans bred or collected by Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science Institute of Economic Crops from lots of places,and try to solve problems like variety uniformity,impurity,poor resistance,degradation and so on.Here are our results:1、We studied the growing periods of 70 varieties,and the growth periods are between 82 and 93 days,with a mean of 85.89 days and a variation coefficient of 3.45%.The periods from sowing to flowering are 38 to 53 days,with a mean of 43.77 days and a variable coefficient of 7.85%.The periods from flowering to harvest are 36 to 54 days,with a mean of 42.11 days and a variable coefficient of 8.29%.The variation coefficient of the period from flowering to harvest>that of the period from sowing to flowering>that of the whole growth period,so the periods from flowering to harvest vary a lot between different varieties.2、We analyzed the phenotypes of yield components of the 70 varieties to study genetic diversity.Yields of 70 varieties vary from 1.84 to 13.68g,with an average of 6.75 g and a variation coefficient of 35.69%.Pods number per plant are between 3.70 to 22.67,with an average of 12.97,a range of 18.97 and a variation coefficient of 33.45%.Seeds number per pod of 70 varieties vary between 7.33 and 13.33,with an average of 10.55 and a variation coefficient 9.67%.Hundred grain weight vary from 4.54 to 7.88g,with a range of 3.34 and a variation coefficient of 12.58%.The variation coefficient of yield>that of pods number per plant>that of hundred grain weight>that of grain number per pod.3、We analyzed yield indexes and morphology indexes.Grain yield per plant correlates with pods number per plant,main stem branches,plant height,pods grain number,number of main stem nod,pod length,hundred grain weight,pod width in order of the variation coefficients.Number of pods per plant,main stem branches,plant height,pod yield and grain number are highly significantly correlated,with correlation coefficients of 0.61,0.56,0.47,0.87 and 0.41.4、We did principal component analysis.For the first principal component,eigenvalue is 3.54,contribution rate is 39.38%,the biggish corresponding eigenvectors are hundred grain weight,yield per plant,number of main stem nod,mainly reflects the weight of the plant;For the second principal component,eigenvalue is 2.01,contribution rate is 22.35%,the biggish corresponding eigenvectors are number of pods per plant,pod length,pod grain number,mainly reflects the plant pod index;For the third principal component,eigenvalues is 1.14,contribution rate is 12.70%,the biggish corresponding eigenvectors are pod width,main stem branches,plant height,mainly reflects the appearance of the plant.Hundred grain weight,number of pods per plant,pod width can be representative indicators of mung bean varieties.5、We did cluster analysis for 70 mung bean varieties after standardizing.The 70 varieties were divided into three categories,the first category is mainly composed of 15 varieties including BL11-556,they have high main stem,more effective branches,high hundred kernel weight,medium pod number per plant,longest pod length,wider pod,higher hundred grain weight and higher yield.The second category mainly composed of 25 varieties including No.4 to No.14 that were mutated by EMS,they have medium main stem,medium effective branch,lighter kernel weight,the greatest amount of pods per plant,shortest pod length,narrowest pod width and medium yield.The third category is mainly composed of 30 varieties including BL13-638,they have shorter main stems,less effective branches,greater hundred grain weight,smallest pod number per plant,medium pod length,wider pod and lower yield.According to the results of this study,combined with the domestic scholar’s research results,We put forward a strategy for mung bean breeding in our country to develop and utilize mung bean germplasm resources and breed new germplasms by making full use of mung bean germplasm resources research information. |
PDF Full Text Request