Studies Agronomic Traits And Genetic Diversity On Wild Germplasm Resourses Of Elymus L.

Most species of Elymus L. germplasm is good grazing grass, It is also important plant for ecological protection. Studies on genetic diversity of Elymus L. are important not only for its wild resources protection and collection, but also for its artificial cultivating practice.Genetic diversity in 28 accessions of Elymus L. originating from china was assessed using morphological characteristic and ISSR markers.The results showed as follows:1. The genetic diversity with every agronomic traits of Elymus L. was abundant. There are great morphologic variation among different populations on plant height, leaf length and width, spike length, spikelets number, seed yield per plant, ratio of stem and leaf , tillers, and so on. The variable coefficient of 8 morphological characters vary from 13.5% to 47.7%.2. By cluster analysis based on morphological traits showed that 11 accessions of Elymus L. were divided into 4 groups and 17 accessions of Elymus sibiricus also were divided into 4 groups according to different characteristics. On the one hand, the results of those morphological cluster and geographic distribution have some consistence characteristics, on the other hand, there are some difference between morphological cluster and geographic distribution.3. Comparing and analysizing nourishment component of all accessions in a period of head sprouting. The content of crude protein(CP) and crude fibre(CF) has significant variance among different populations. Average content of CP for Elymus L. is 11.91%, variance coefficient is 16.71%. The content of CF varies between 20.51% and 27.37%, variance coefficient is 7.45%. Average content of CP for Elymus sibiricus is 12.25%, variance coefficient is 19.51%. The content of CF varies between 20.29% and 24.66%, variance coefficient is 6.81%. The variance coefficient of CP content for Elymus L. is greater than that of CF.4.As far as phonological phase and adaptation of Elymus L. germplasm is concerned, all of the 28 accessions can be over-winter in area surrounding the Qinghai Lake. All populations of Elymus sibiricus can complete the whole growth phase, but for the population of Elymus dahuricus, Elymus nutans and Elymus excelsus, its seeds can,t ripe except the 4th population(Xinjiang Yi li).5. Selecting out 6 accessions resources with comparative good agronomic traits by observation. They are: E04, E13, E14, E17, E19 and E21 and they have high and strong stem, rich leaf, high crude protein content, low CF content. The 6 selected accessions resources have potential advantage in grass yield and seeds yield. They can be used as original materials for breeding high-yield new cultivar.6. A total of 65 bands were obtained on 28 Elymus L. accessions by using 8 primers were selected from 40 primers, on average 6.8 polymorphic DNA markers produced by each primer. The mean genetic similarity value based on ISSR markers among 28 accessions of Elymus L. was 0.6523, ranging from 0.5000 to 0.9375. ISSR markers showed that genetic diversity of Elymus L. was abundant.