| Mung bean is a kind of nutritious edible bean,and has medicinal value,which is widely liked by consumers.In recent years,with the adjustment of planting structure and the change of people’s diet structure,the market demand of mung bean has increased year by year,and the planting scale has been expanding.At present,the degradation and hybrid phenomenon of mung bean varieties used in production are obvious,and the genetic improvement of mung bean varieties lags behind the main crops,and the breeding process of new varieties is slow,which seriously restricts the development of mung bean industry.Therefore,it is very important to breed mung bean varieties with high yield and high quality.In the experiment,13 mung bean materials were used as parents,and 45 F3lines with good phenotype were selected and bred by different hybridization combinations.Using SSR molecular marker technology,combined with field agronomic traits identification,the genetic diversity of 17 quality characters and 11 quantitative characters of mung bean was analyzed,this will provide scientific basis for the breeding of new varieties of mung bean,the main results are as follows:1.The average genetic diversity index of 17 quality traits was 0.4578,the average genetic diversity index of 11 quantitative traits was 1.9187,and the average coefficient of variation of quantitative traits was 22.2%.The genetic diversity index of grain length was the highest and the coefficient of variation was the lowest.2.Cluster the test materials based on their morphological characteristics,divided into 4 groups.The first group had low pod rate and low yield,but the pod shape was cylindrical,the grain was full,and the leaffuzz density was dense,which had a certain resistance to diseases and insects.In the second group,the pod setting rate was normal,but the effective seed number accounted for a small percentage of the total seed number,and the yield was medium.The average 100 grain weight of groupⅢwas 6.21g,the grain was full,the grain color was glossy,the yield was high,and the economic character was prominent.The average plant height of groupⅣwas the lowest among all materials,with more branches,high pod setting rate and high petiole fuzz density,indicating that this group of materials not only had good resistance to pests and diseases,but also had high yield.3.The 11 quantitative traits of 45 mung bean F3strain were divided into3 principal component factors,yield factor,quality factor and growth factor.By calculating the weights of principal component analysis,the results showed that the weights of principal components 1,2,and 3 were 42.805%,36.416%and 20.779%,respectively.The L35、L44、L39、L38 comprehensive scores of all four materials are greater than 1,it can be used as a breeding material and provide reference for mung bean breeding.4.8 pairs of SSR primers were screened,and 37 polymorphic bands were obtained,accounting for 92.5%of the total bands.On average,5 markers were detected per pair of primers,with a range of 3 to 8 markers.The e effective alleles（Ne）of 8 pairs of primers ranged from 1.4419 to 1.9696,with an average of 1.7982;Nei’s gene diversity index ranged from 0.3062 to 0.4922,with an average of 0.4356.Shannon’s information index（I）ranged from0.4842 to 0.6854,with an average of 0.6249.According to GD value 0.62,the tested materials are divided into two categories. |
