Study On Meat Quality And Boar Taint Of Hainan Special Wild Boar

Hainan special wild boar is a special economic animal breeded by the wild boar and local sow.This dissertation made a systematical research by the growth and carcass quality,phycical and chemical properties of meat quality and eating nutritional quality volatile components and boar taint,aims to reveal the characteristics of meat quality and variation laws of boar taint,to provide a theoretical basis for improving meat quality traits,selection and breeding.The main results are as follows:1 The study results of growth law and carcass qualityHainan special wild boar has a small size,average birth weight is 0.69kg,growing strength decreased with age,average daily gain(6～8months)up to 127.26g,overall growth is slow.The infletion age of Boar and sow at 4.35and 4.71 months,infletion weigh at 21.99kg and 23.65kg,that cumulative growth curves showed significant "S" type.Hainan special wild boar has higher slaughter rate,lower carcass backfat thickness,higher eye area and lean meat,which boar slaughter rate,carcass lean percentage and loin eye area are significantly(p<0.05)higher than sow,backfat thickness is significantly(p<0.05)lower than sow.2 The study results on physical and chemical and edible nutritional properties of meatThe meat color stably red,marbing obviously rich,pH value decreased less and lower drip loss rate,showing a strong water retention capacity.The meat has normal moisture content,intramuscular fat significantly(p<0.05)lower than Tunchang black pig,protein up to 22.42%,rich in Ca,Zn,Se.The meat have many essential fatty acids and amino acids the body needs,Polyunsaturated fatty acid content accounting for 42.54%of unsaturated fatty acids up to 23.92%,linoleic acid content is 1.89 times than Tunchang black pig,essential amino acids in 41.61%of total amino acids.The ratio of meat PUFA/SFA agree with optimun(0.45)of human nutrition,EAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA is higher than standard mode of FAO/WHO,showing a higher edible nutritional value.The meat flacor amino acids take 76.67%in total amino acids,glutamate acid content is significantily(p<0.05)higher than Tunchang black pig,content of umami inosine monophosphate up to 2.07mg/g,shear force is significantily(p<0.05)lower than Tunchang black,showing a flesh meat quality.3 The results of volatile components of Hainan special wild boarThere are 55 kinds of volatiles identified from the meat of Hainan special wild boar,including 15 aldehydes,9 alcohols,10 ketones,7 hydrocarbons,3 acids,4 esters,3 phenols and 4 heterocyclic.Aldehydes,alcohols and ketones compounds which areoxidized from lipid are the main volatiles in the meat during being cooked,which take up more than 85 percent of the total volatiles.The contents of hydrocarbons,acids,esters,phenols and heterocyclic compounds are low.Compared with Tunchang blackpig,Decanal,Tetradecanal,(E)-2-Nonen-1-ol,2,4-Hexadien-1-ol,1-Phenyl-1,2-propane dione,β-Pinene are possessed singly by Hainan special wild boar.4 The results of boar taint of Hainan special wild boarThe skatole and androstenone contents of boar taint show significant distribution in different hybrid generation and different arganization.The order of androstenone and skatole content on different hybrid generation are F3>F2>F1 and F1>F2>F3,the order of androstenone and skatole content on different arganization are serum>fat>muscle and fat>serum>muscle,contents of skatole and indole meat are significantily(p<0.05)higher than Tunchang black pig,showing a significant boar taint on meat.The boar taint substances change significantily correlation with levels of sex homone,the content of androstenone and skatole is significantily(p<0.05)respectively positive and negative correlation with the levels of testoserone and estradiol.The androgen receptor gene(AR)of pig within a TG-and a T-tinsertion/deletetion polymorphisms,the polymorphic loci contents of F3 are significantily(p<0.05)higher than Fi and F2 in the case of different testosterone and androstenone levels.