Research And Practice On Comprehensive Reform Of Agricultural Water Price

Agricultural water use is a large water user in China,and also the potential of water saving.Because the region is located in the monsoon,the distribution of water resources in China is extremely uneven in time and space,resulting in the current situation of water resources shortage in China.On the other hand,there is a serious waste of water resources in China.Backward irrigation technology leads to low efficiency of agricultural water use.Agricultural water cannot be accurately measured.It is difficult to stimulate farmers' awareness of water-saving and water-saving management.The actual yield of water charges is far lower than the fees that should be charged.It is difficult for irrigation and water conservancy projects to operate and maintain,and can not improve the irrigation water utilization coefficient,which leads to a vicious circle.The shortage and waste of water resources are the main problems that cause the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources.Reasonable agricultural water price can restrain unreasonable agricultural water demand and promote the development of water-saving irrigation.At present,China is vigorously implementing the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price,which is of great significance for promoting agricultural water saving.The comprehensive reform of agricultural water price is an important measure to implement the central decision-making and general secretary Xi Jinping's "water saving priority,space balance,system management and two hands”.On the basis of summing up the pilot experience,the general office of the State Council issued the opinions on promoting the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price(GBF[2016]No.2),which requires to establish and improve the formation mechanism of agricultural water price that reasonably reflects the cost of water supply,is conducive to water-saving and farmland water conservancy system and mechanism innovation,and is compatible with the investment and financing system;the agricultural water price has achieved the overall operation The maintenance cost level,the total amount control and quota management of agricultural water are generally implemented,the sustainable precise subsidy and water-saving reward mechanism are basically established,the advanced and applicable agricultural water-saving technical measures are widely applied,the agricultural planting structure is optimized and adjusted,and the agricultural water use mode is changed from extensive to intensive.Therefore,it is of great practical significance and application value to carry out research on the determination of agricultural initial water right,analysis and calculation of agricultural water price,development and application of management information system for comprehensive reform of agricultural water price,which can provide technical and management support for the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price and boost the modernization of irrigation area.Based on the investigation and analysis of domestic and foreign agricultural water price reform literature,taking huaitoutala reservoir irrigation area in Delingha city of Qinghai Province as an example,through on-the-spot investigation,data collection,field survey and implementation scheme preparation,this paper analyzes the current situation of water intake and the progress of agricultural water price reform in huaitoutala reservoir irrigation area,focusing on the calculation of agricultural initial water right and agricultural water price The main achievements are as followsThe first is to determine the initial agricultural water right in huaitoutala reservoir irrigation area,through the actual water release amount of the reservoir,the actual water charge,and the local standard of Qinghai Province "water quota"(db63/T)The results show that the initial agricultural water right of the irrigation area is 10.982 million m3(the quota per mu is 915.17m3);at the same time,it is found that there are 18.94%of water consumption exceeding the quota and serious over exploitation of groundwater in the irrigation area.It is hoped that the irrigation area will increase water saving and the water administrative department will strengthen the daily work Administration.Second,in terms of agricultural water price calculation,in accordance with the "Qinghai Province water conservancy project water supply price management measures"(QZB[2006]No.15)and other provisions,the water supply production cost and water supply production cost(excluding profits and taxes)are included in the water price calculation,and the terminal water price is the sum of the water price of the backbone project and the water price of the final canal system According to Cheng property right and the scarcity of water resources in Delingha City,the total cost terminal water price is 0.17 yuan/m3,and the operation cost terminal water price is 0.08 yuan/m3.At the same time,the suggestion of increasing the price of agricultural water in excess of quota(plan)is put forward.Third,in the research and development and implementation of the comprehensive reform and management information system of agricultural water price in irrigation area,the key technologies of the system,such as service-oriented SOA architecture,event driven service and big data analysis service,are based on the information collection of water and engineering conditions and remote automatic control of gates,and integrated with application software development,automatic control,database and geographic information technology The system can automatically collect,transmit and process information,realize the integration of measurement,supervision,management and control,provide irrigation management units and water users with information collection and monitoring,automatic gate monitoring,irrigation water fee calculation and collection,comprehensive statistical analysis and irrigation area basic information,etc.,and provide intelligent and efficient information management means,improve the efficiency and efficiency of agricultural water use,and boost the modernization of irrigation district,It provides strong technical support for the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price.The innovation lies in the service-oriented SOA system architecture,the unified information modeling technology for the application of the Internet of things,and the information service model integrating key point monitoring,graphic positioning and visualization.