Traffic Research On Jing Dong Lu In Northern Song Dynasty

During the Northern Song Dynasty,waterway and land transportation was further developed,forming a transportation network centered on Kaifeng.Jingdonglu is an important administrative region of the Northern Song Dynasty.Due to its special geographical location and regional location,the traffic of Jingdonglu has become an important part of the Northern Song Dynasty transportation network.At the same time,the development of Jingdonglu traffic benefits from its excellent geographical location.It is an important part of the main traffic routes in the Northern Song Dynasty in terms of land,inland water and sea transportation.In terms of land transportation,Jingdonglu is connected with kaifengfu,Hebeilu and Huainanlu.In many "official roads",the Fengshan road in the first year of Dazhongxiangfu(1008)is the most representative one.And there are post roads connecting the armies of different states in Jingdonglu,and there are seven major traffic arteries.In terms of inland waterway transportation,Guangji River is the most important river channel of Jingdonglu,which plays an important role in the transportation of grain to Kaifeng;Qinghe River is a river channel that runs through the north and south of Jingdong area,which is a good supplement to Guangji River.Both of them have experienced their ups and downs,and also caused the "battle of grain transportation" between the two rivers.In the sea traffic,the northern Song Dynasty Deng,Lai two ports in the Beijing-East Road shipping played an important role,due to the military confrontation between Song Liao,Deng,Lai two ports gradually declined.Instead,the rise of the port of Michigan,to the three years(1088),the town of Mizhou Port Panqiao,Mizhou City,the Department of Foreign Affairs became the Song Dynasty northern region with the south and overseas countries(mainly Gaoli)exchange trade hub,to the early Southern Song Dynasty there are many people to Michigan smuggling trade.In the sea transportation,the two ports of Dengzhou and Laizhou played an important role in the sea transportation of Jingdonglu in the early Northern Song Dynasty.Because of the military confrontation between song and Liao,the two ports gradually declined.It was replaced by the rise of the Port of Mizhou.In the third year of Yuanyou(1088),the Banqiao Town of Mizhou set up the municipal shipping department,which became the sea hub of communication and trade between the northern area of Song Dynasty and the southern and overseas countries(mainly Korea).The development of traffic on Jingdonglu is inseparable from the booming economy of the Northern Song Dynasty and the abundant material resources of Jingdonglu.Diplomatic relations with Korea and other countries also require good transportation conditions.The promotion of the emperor and local officials on Jingdonglu is also one of the influencing factors.With the development of transportation of Jingdonglu,many cities have been developed,with Mizhou and Caozhou as the most representative;The superior transportation has greatly promoted the commercial trade of Jingdonglu,especially after the establishment of the shipping department of Mizhou;The development of transportation also brought about the improvement of political status,which was mainly manifested in grain transportation,diplomacy,military and national defense.