Morphological Design And Perceptual Research Of Commercial Pedestrian Street Side Interface Based On VR And Eye Tracker

Pedestrian commercial street is an indispensable place for public activities in a modern city.Many famous pedestrian commercial streets have even become city cards that attract tourists.Although the number of pedestrian commercial streets nationwide is increasing year by year,the design of pedestrian commercial streets in China is still at a stage of imitation or blind construction.The phenomenon of " many streets are the same " is criticized by people.People often feel that there is no characteristic in pedestrian commercial streets,and it is easy to feel boring when walking,and gradually lose interest in sightseeing.Today,with the continuous innovation of modern technology,the construction technology,construction equipment and other material factors involved in the construction of pedestrian commercial streets are gradually completed,but the problems of poor psychological perception of pedestrians are increasingly emerging.As an important part of the street,the side interface of the pedestrian shopping street is the key point that causes the change of pedestrians ’psychological perception,and is also an important influencing factor of pedestrians’ visual comfort.This research starts from the current situation of insufficient consideration of the humanized design of the interface shape of pedestrian commercial streets in China,based on a large number of field investigations,guided by relevant theories such as architectural typology and environmental psychology,relying on virtual reality technology and eye tracker equipment for two rounds of experiments to explore the relationship between the shape of the side interface of the pedestrian shopping street and the pedestrian’s psychological perception.Hope to provide a valuable reference for the design and research of pedestrian commercial streets.Based on online research,this study conducts field research on 53 pedestrian commercial streets of varying sizes in 9 cities,including Beijing,Shanghai,Chongqing,Nanjing,Qingdao,Xuzhou,Harbin,Hefei,and Jinan.According to R·Clair’s theory,the side interface shape of the pedestrian commercial street under investigation is sorted out,a simplified model for virtual reality is established,and photos and videos for stimulating materials for eye movement experiments are selected.Relying on virtual reality technology and eye tracker equipment,the SD method is used to quantify the subject’s perception of the interface shape of pedestrian commercial streets.Through simplified model experiments and live photo experiments,the subjects’ the psychological perception data and eye movement data of different interface shapes are obtained.Then,according to the situation of the SD perception curve,the psychological impression of the subjects on the side interface shape of each kind of pedestrian commercial street is obtained;Using SPSS for correlation analysis,regression analysis and factor analysis to obtain the psychological quantity that affects the overall evaluation of pedestrian commercial streets and determine the functional relationship between the overall evaluation and the psychological quantity;Using Matlab to fit each interface shape,and summarize several suitable combinations of interface shape.Finally,after a analysis of the results,reasonable design suggestions are proposed for the humanized design of the side interface of the pedestrian commercial street.A total of two rounds of experiments have been conducted in this research.The first round of experiments is a simplified model experiment relying on virtual reality technology to explore how the single variable of the side interface shape of the pedestrian commercial street will affect the perception of pedestrians when the "second outline" of the street is ignored;The second round of experiments is a real-world photo experiment using an eye tracker to explore the how the side interface shape of the pedestrian commercial street will affect the perception of pedestrians when the "second contour line" of the street and the "first contour" of the street coexist.The results of the study show that: when the interface shape does not change significantly,the "second contour" of the pedestrian commercial street has a greater impact on the perception of pedestrians,when the interface shape changes greatly,the "first contour" of the pedestrian commercial street has a greater impact on the perception of pedestrians;Participants have better perception of the curve type in the plane type and the high and low staggered type in the facade type.This type can be used in the design to attract pedestrians to stay,thereby promoting the occurrence of consumer behavior;Improving the spatial atmosphere and emotional experience of pedestrian commercial streets can enhance the overall impression of pedestrian commercial streets;Uniform use of a simple style interface or a combination of simple and complex interface shape is easier for pedestrians to accept;People of different genders and specialties have no difference in the perception of the side interface shape of the pedestrian commercial street.This study puts forward more practical humanized design recommendations for pedestrian commercial streets,and also accumulates experience for the application of virtual reality technology and eye trackers in architecture research.