| With the social politics,urban planning,economic growth and the progress of people’s ideas,the design and construction of bus terminals keep developing and in different periods retain the typical characteristics of the times.By analyzing its internal functions and the characteristics of transportation organization,we can explore the laws of social system renewal,management,planning and guidance.The form of bus terminals has developed from the simple station in the planned economy period to the comprehensive hub in pursuit of integration nowadays.Behind this is the progress of society and the development of traffic services.It has also profoundly confirmed the law that architecture is the product of the times.Based on the history of the bus terminals’ development,this paper studies the influence of the development and change of bus terminals’ management mode on the design of bus terminals under the social and political conditions in different periods of China,analyses the concept of "commercial maintenance station" and the characteristics of the bus terminal design under its influence,explores the design orientation of bus terminals with the supplement and impact of other forms of transportation,and then predicts the developing direction of bus terminals.At the same time,based on the requirements and guidelines of the current industry standards and codes for bus terminals,this paper analyses the historical limitations in the concept of contemporary bus terminals,studies the realistic development of contemporary bus terminals,and fully recognizes the deficiencies of current department management and design codes’ guidelines in practical design.Through the construction examples of bus terminals covering the first-tier developed areas to the third-tier small cities,this paper further analyses the success of the construction of contemporary bus terminals and the difficulties they are facing,and also proves the developing times’ requirements for the functional composite of bus terminals.Finally,taking the development of China’s major transport as the background,this paper further seeks the guidance of China’s policy for the development of bus terminals in the future from the “13th Five-Year Plan” issued by the Ministry of Communications.Drawing lessons from the mature commercial complex of transportation hub,the paper focuses on the interaction between traffic attributes and business attributes of bus terminals with composite functions,studies the trend of realizing integration of traffic buildings and business functions,and summarizes the strategy of integrated design of traffic and business space.Taking the architectural design practice of Liupanshui West Bus Terminal as an example,this paper further demonstrates the significance of the architectural design of bus terminals with composite functions to the urban development through the pre-project research,engineering feasibility study and architectural design.Through the study of construction necessity,market demand and financial analysis,the paper seeks the relationship between the construction of bus terminals and local economic development,traffic planning and urban expansion,determines the feasibility of the construction of bus terminals and the construction target of bus terminals suitable for Liupanshui Dewu New Area.Based on the strategy of integrated design of traffic and business space,the paper elaborates the specific design methods of functionally composite bus terminals,including functional zoning,traffic flow line organization,vertical design and so on.It is hoped that through this study and the construction practice of Liupanshui West Bus Terminal,it can provide reference for the current construction of bus terminals. |
