Research On Spatial Layout Characteristics Of Supermarket In Shanghai Based On GIS

Retail,as an important part of urban commercial activities,plays an irreplaceable role in urban commercial development and people's life.Therefore,the location selection and spatial layout of retail business in cities are very important,which have also been the focus of economic geography,urban planning and other disciplines.In recent years,with the development of economic globalization and high-speed urbanization,the level of urban construction has been continuously improved and the planning of urban commercial layout has also received increasing attention.The research on urban commercial spatial layout planning is generally based on Christaler's central geographic theory.It discusses business types,spatial structures,influencing factors and mechanism,data mining and research methods.As the economic and financial center of China,Shanghai has its obvious representativeness and foresight in the spatial distribution of retail business.It can provide reference and guidance for other cities on the basis of in-depth study of its retail space layout.This paper,takes the supermarkets as an example,and bases on retail location theory and spatial location theory.It also takes Arc GIS 10.3 as the main analysis tool,and takes supermarket POI,census data,road and rail transit data,business center as well as Anjuke residential POI as the data basis.By means of the spatial auto-correlation analysis,kernel density estimation,accessibility,buffer and correlation analysis,and the study of the spatial layout characteristics and influencing factors of commercial supermarkets in Shanghai,this paper has explored the rationality evaluation methods of supermarket spatial layout.The results have shown that:(1)The overall spatial distribution of supermarkets in Shanghai shows obvious centripetal circle layout characteristics and strong spatial auto-correlation.There are obvious differences in thenumber and density of supermarkets between different urban areas,and the distribution characteristics of supermarkets of different scales and brands are also different.(2)There are many factors influencing the spatial layout of supermarkets.The coupling degree between population spatial distribution and supermarket spatial distribution is high,and the linear correlation between population and supermarket quantity is obvious.Large supermarkets are largely influenced by urban road traffic,layout and scale of commercial center,urban land price and land rent,than small supermarkets.(3)Combining the quantitative relationship between population and supermarkets,the grading method based on different influencing factors can be used to evaluate the distribution status of supermarkets and the suitability of supermarket location in different residential districts or towns.According to the evaluation results,for urban areas such as Pudong,Yangpu and Putuo,which need to increase supermarkets appropriately,should be given the priority to locate the residential district or towns with higher scores;For urban areas such as Songjiang,Chongming and Fengxian,which need to reduce the number of supermarkets appropriately,should be given the priority to adjust the supermarkets with lower scores..