Research On Feedback Of Migrant Community Design Practice In Southern Shaanxi

This paper is based on the construction project of immigrant resettlement community in Danfeng County,Shangluo City,which I participated in during seven years of work and school from 2012 to 2019.Southern Shaanxi Mountains have long been threatened by natural disasters such as geology,floods,poor natural conditions,poor living environment,high proportion of the poor population,large poverty area and deep poverty level,and for the protection of the ecological environment in southern Shaanxi mountainous areas,since May 2011,Southern Shaanxi has launched the largest disaster-avoiding migration project in the history of our country^[1].Based on the background of immigrant relocation in southern Shaanxi and the design practice of immigrant community in Danfeng County as the main research object,in order to make the immigrant community more livable,this paper sets up a feedback survey on the design practice of immigrant community in southern Shaanxi.This not only enriches the theoretical basis for the design of livable immigrant community,but also provides reference and reference material for solving similar problems in the design of immigrant community in other areas.Firstly,this paper clarifies the concept of immigrant community,combs the research status of migrant relocation in southern Shaanxi,relevant policies and relevant literature on livable communities,and provides theoretical reference for this paper.Then,taking Danfeng County as an example,through the technical route of"discovering problems-analyzing problems-solving problems",this paper describes the current situation and characteristics of immigrant community design practice from three aspects of planning and design,architectural design and landscape design,summarizes the existing problems based on questionnaire survey and field survey,and analyses the subjective and objective influencing factors,that is,naturally.The physical environment,national policy and system,the level of local social and economic development,the cognitive level of immigrants and community culture are integrated,and the designer's own professional accomplishment.Finally,this paper explores the strategies for optimizing the design of livable immigrant communities in southern Shaanxi.Its main contents are as follows:The problems existing in the planning and design practice of immigrant communities are as follows:lack of control over the skyline in general layout,insufficient integration with surrounding mountains;excessive allocation of small shops;insufficient parking space;no heating in winter.Its optimization countermeasures are as follows:the idea of"urban design"and"integration of mountains and rivers"in the general layout of immigrant communities in southern Shaanxi;the scheme of"industrial guidance and functional replacement"for the reuse of excessive shops;the implementation scheme of"idle transformation and follow-up compensation"for parking lots;the heating scheme of"improving design standards and giving priority to the use of renewable energy";and the proposal of"green ecological residential quarters construction"Establishing evaluation criteria is the criteria for planning and designing immigrant communities in southern Shaanxi.The problems existing in the architectural design practice of immigrant community are as follows:the influence of geographical location on architectural style is not profound and lacks the characteristics of the times;the opening direction of doors is confused;the doors are not reserved for couplet space;the sustainable development of indoor space is not taken into account;the net width of indoor doors is less than 0.8 meters;the barrier-free facilities at building entrances and exits are absent;and the windows of buildings are accessible.It can not meet the requirements of building energy saving design,especially for public buildings.Its optimization countermeasures are as follows:having regional cultural characteristics,re-innovating in organic renewal and full of architectural style design concepts with characteristics of the times;humanized concern scheme of"open door and affix to couplets";concept of household design for sustainable development of space;implementation of barrier-free design requirements of"household inner door net width greater than or equal to0.8m";participation of residents.Supervision and management,actively improve the barrier-free facilities management mode of community public service facilities;"provide financial guarantee,optimize energy-saving measures"method of building energy-saving standards;Suggestions to"Green Building Evaluation Standards"as the criteria for the design of immigrant community buildings in southern Shaanxi.The problems existing in the practice of landscape design in immigrant communities are as follows:too large hard pavement area,single tone,emphasis on hardening and neglect of greening;inadequate plant maintenance and low survival rate;inadequate property management and poor environmental hygiene;single street landscape and single plant species;from the perspective of residential use in immigrant communities,the practical effect of the house landscape has not been brought into play,and the neighborhood space has not been fully utilized.Lack of popularity.The optimization countermeasures are as follows:design method of immigrant community square with tall trees and hard pavement complementing each other;community property management mode with"third-party assistance combined with residents'autonomy";landscape design concept of immigrant community block with Point-line-plane combination and diversified landscape layout;residential environment design concept of immigrant community in southern Shaanxi under the background of multi-cultural integration development;and suggestions are firm.Hold the concept of sustainable development of human settlements environment.At the same time,some suggestions are put forward for the training of comprehensive design talents:adhering to the spirit of"coming from the masses,going to the masses",making preparations for pre-design research,and improving their professional accomplishment and professional ethics.