| Due to the rapid development of society,the human living environment has been deteriorated,and the material living standards of the people have been improved.Accordingly,people begin to pursue a better living environment.Fuzhou,well known as the “Southeastern Buddhism”,has a large number of temples that are deeply loved by people.These temples have very comfortable and pleasant garden environment,due to their accumulated developed environmental construction pattern.Therefore,studying the garden environment of Fuzhou temple has important practical significance for solving the current environmental deterioration problem,building a beautiful garden environment and carrying forward excellent traditional culture.Considering these,we selected five national key Buddhist temples in Fuzhou as studied objects,investigated and summarized their garden environment by using theoretical analysis,SD method(semantic differential),and factor analysis.The contents and achievements of this study are as follows.(1)Based on extensive understanding of temples in Fuzhou,we selected five national key temples of Buddhism in Fuzhou region as case studies(Dizang Temple,Yongquan Temple,Xichan Temple,Chongsheng Temple and Linyang Temple).In the field research,we summarized theplant species of each temple,measured the floor plans of partial temples and sampled the soils of each temple.Further,by analyzing the environmental characteristics of the selected temples from location selection,temple layout,architectures,plants and Duoshan-Lishui,the regular patterns of good garden environments were summarized.(2)For the five temples in the selected temples,based on the SD analysis method,we designed corresponding SD questionnaires in the aspects of architectures,plants and water masses,and quantify the results of the questionnaire.Through distributing SD questionnaires and analyzing results,we obtained intuitive evaluation results.The results show that plants play a very important role in evaluating suitability of garden environments and more amount of green are required for creating better garden environments.In addition,the adjustment function of water masses is also an in-negligible factor,attention should be paid to the cleanliness and hydrophilicity of water quality.As for the architecture aspect,the light perception is a key factor in our results and the building with more clear and bright space are preferred.Besides,we also found that plant and architecture scores supplement and promote each other and the score of water masses is positively correlated with its size.(3)By using factor analysis method,we conducted dimension reductions for inferred items in our questionnaires and refined major factors in affecting the suitability of the garden environment of temples in Fuzhou region.Inthe aspect of plants,we processed 20 plant indexes and obtained five refined factors,which were ranked according to the influence level:perception factor > ecological factor > management factor > artistic factor > economic factor.In the architectural part,3 key architecture indexes were refined and ranked as: perception factor > value factor >figure factor,similarly,3 key water mass indexes were extracted and ordered as ecological factor > perception factor > aesthetic factor.Based on these obtained refined factors in the aspects of plants,architectures,water masses,from five aspects,we proposed corresponding designing and developing strategies for improving the suitability of garden environment,which can provide a reliable reference for constructing a better garden environment. |
