Study On The Spatial Pattern Of Township Rural Areas In The Plain Area Of Heilongjiang Province

Liaoning Province,Jilin Province,Heilongjiang Province is located in northeastern China.They are characterized by long winters,cold and dry climates,and fertile land.The rural spatial pattern in the Northeast Plain has obvious regional characteristics and is of great research value.There are many studies on rural areas in Northeast China,but scholars pay more attention to the micro-scales,such as the settlement patterns,street scales and architectural features of individual villages.However,they lacked attention to the macro-scale rural spatial pattern.Strengthening the study of the pattern can improve the theoretical framework of rural research in Northeast China.As the province with the highest latitude and the most obvious cold weather in the country,Heilongjiang has a large number of human settlements on the vast plain,which has strong research value.High-intensity human activities appeared later in the three northeastern provinces of China.However,in the long-term process of land reclamation and industrialization,its development rate is no less than that of other rich areas.The unique location and fertile land have brought a large number of people to move in and reproduce,and the scale of rural settlements has gradually expanded.In recent years,the economy in the northeastern region has been seriously degraded,and the population of rural areas has moved to other provinces or major cities in the same province.There is a clear contraction in the population of rural areas.The balance between land and the actual population has also been broken.This problem is also more prominent in the rural areas of the Heilongjiang Plain.In the new era,there is a general demand for rural revitalization in these townships.A large number of villages need to be guided by planning,such as system adjustment,facility upgrading,and settlement consolidation.Therefore,this paper will study the reasons for the formation of the current situation to provide a basis for rural planning.First,satellite remote sensing data is used to extract the vector boundaries of the township built-up areas within the scope of the study.And obtain the pattern data such as the size,shape and agglomeration of the settlement from the data.Then,the two-variable correlation analysis was carried out on the settlement scale and various impact indicators to study the dominant factors and influence mechanisms in the process of rural spatial pattern generation in the plain area of Heilongjiang Province.After that,we try to analyze the influence of each factor on the rural spatial pattern with the shrinkage of the population,and analyze the index characteristics at different scales.Furthermore,based on the balance of human and land relations,according to the actual situation of the township,the targeted evaluation criteria of village development are proposed to achieve the purpose of guiding the adjustment of the township system.Finally,through the construction of management and control,facility layout,ecological repair and other methods,the task of optimizing the rural spatial pattern of the township is completed.