Research On Fire Scene And Safety Evacuation Numerical Simulation Of Commercial Complex

The Commercial complexes have the characteristics of large-scale construction,complicated internal functions,dense crowd flow,etc.,which can easily lead to congestion during emergency evacuation and even cause trampling accidents.Once a fire occurs,without effective evacuation guidance,it will cause huge casualties.Since the current research on the evacuation of commercial complexes mainly focuses on the characteristics of personnel and building design,and there is a lack of research on the optimization of evacuation paths,this paper uses numerical simulation methods to study the fire evacuation of commercial complexes,aiming to further optimize Evacuation guidance program for commercial complexes.This article takes a commercial complex in Xi'an as an example,determines the fire hazard judgment conditions based on the human tolerance limit factors,sets multiple fire scenarios,and uses Pyrosim software to simulate and analyze the smoke propagation process and critical time of each fire scenario.The results show that the risk of smoke in the early stage of a commercial complex is mainly the decrease in visibility.In the fire scene,the first floor evacuation aisle is the most dangerous,and the top floor is most susceptible to fire.The evacuation personnel parameters were set by counting the number of people staying in the commercial complex,and Pathfinder software was used to simulate and analyze the emergency evacuation process of the personnel in various fire scenarios and determine the safety of evacuation.The results show that the smoke spread to the fire scene of the atrium,the evacuation of people in the middle and above floors does not meet the requirements of safe evacuation,and there are problems such as crossing of trajectories,uneven distribution of exits,and reverse evacuation during the emergency evacuation of fire.Aiming at the problems of emergency evacuation,an evacuation path optimization method is proposed,and an evacuation simulation experiment is carried out.The main influencing factors such as the evacuation time,exit utilization rate and personnel walking speed before and after optimization are compared and analyzed.The results show that the personnel in all fire scenes can be safely evacuated after the optimization.The evacuation time can be reduced by 23.5%under the design of the number of evacuees.The larger the number of people,the more obvious the optimization effect.After optimization,the walking speed of the personnel is increased by 0.12 m/s.The rate is also more balanced.Finally,a network of optimized evacuation routes for commercial complexes was constructed,and three types of guidance measures,information guidance,facility guidance and manual guidance,were proposed.Based on the optimized route,emergency evacuation guidance strategies for different types of fires in commercial complexes were determined.The thesis research can provide a certain theoretical basis for the building fire protection design,daily fire management and emergency evacuation management of commercial complexes.