| After the reform and opening up, China’s economic develop rapidly. Then,more and more integrated buildings appear in many cities. Due to business needs, the scale of commercial buildings is biger and biger, and commercial real estate begin to be the urban commercial complex. Because the commercial complex buildings have the characteristics of large space, complex structure, used versatile, densely populated and mobility, in case of a fire, it do not only lead to serious economic losses, but also to bring a lot of evacuation problems of the people inside the building complex, most likely caused casualties. Early in the construction of many commercial complexes, due to taking into account the functional layout of the Mall and business needs, there are many difficulties in evacuation, particularly in evacuated width and evacuation distance.Firstly, according to the construction and space characteristics of commercial complex, the fire danger of the complex and problems of evacuation inside the buildings were analyzed in this paper. Combined evacuation theory with the characteristics of urban commercial complex, the factors and related parameters of the complex’s required safety egress time were analyzed and a number of improvement measures in view of these factors were put forward to improve the safety of commercial complex.Secondly, an optimization method of evacuation walk width was introduced when multiple staircases shared an evacuation corridor in the first layer, and the relation of the width of evacuation walk and the stairs was calculated. In order to get the ratio of the evacuation corridor width and the stairs, the evacuation process in the evacuation routes in a few of crowded places was investigated. Then, the level walkways and stairs capacity equation was received. After that, with the combination of equation and observed result, different state of crowd movement characteristics were analyzed and corresponding parameter values were given. According to the relationship between research results and optimal width of aisle equation, the ratio of evacuated aisle width and stairs was calculated. And by comparing the evacuation times in different evacuation aisle width in a commercial complex,evacuation reliability and rationality of the optimal width of the aisle was tested.Finally, the evacuation corridor width optimization methods should be used for a project, the problems of evacuation of the building design were solved. |
