Study On Fire Risk Assessment And Evacuation Route Optimization Method Of Comprehensive Commercial Building

With the continuous expansion of urbanization scale,a multi-functional complex integrated commercial building integrating business,food,office and cultural entertainment has emerged more and more.Comprehensive commercial buildings in order to provide convenience for people’s lives at the same time,due to the complex construction structure,large space volume,combustibles,but also brought hidden dangers,resulting in large fire load inside the commercial buildings,fire risk area is difficult to identify,high fire risk.The occurrence of fire will bring indelible damage to the country,society and individuals.Therefore,the comprehensive commercial building fire risk assessment is of great significance to the control of the risk of this structure.Through the identification of the hazard sources of the comprehensive commercial building,combined with the theory of fire cause and the hierarchical analysis method,The related indexes of building fire are screened out,and the correlation analysis of the indexes is carried out.Finally,the comprehensive index system of fire risk assessment of commercial buildings is established.Through the theoretical study of fuzzy hierarchy comprehensive evaluation method,a reasonable assignment calculation is made for the weight in the evaluation index system.Based on the study of calculating the influence factor in the semi-quantitative Gustav formula,the Rd model of inherent fire risk Rg and personnel fire risk is established,and on the basis of comprehensive assessment,the fire risk degree of comprehensive commercial building is constructed,and the fire risk degree of comprehensive commercial building is reasonable,and it is divided into five levels of safety,safety,general safety,more danger and danger according to Rn value.When Rd’s risk degree does not meet the safety needs,through the optimization study of the intelligent evacuation algorithm ant colony algorithm,the optimization model of evacuation path is established to realize the dynamic optimization of the fire evacuation path of the integrated commercial building.Through that practical application of Xin cheng comprehensive commercial build,13 fire risk assessment areas were divided into the functions and fire prevention zones of the new city comprehensive commercial building.The risk assessment results showed that only the fire risk of the cinema was generally safe in 13 areas,and the Rd value was 3.45,and the fire hazard of personnel did not meet the safety requirements.Considering that the required evacuation time TREST(294 s)is greater than the available evacuation time TAEST(272.4 s)in the event of a smoke removal system failure,the fire threatens the safety of personnel.Adding a safe evacuation door and safety exit to the cinema fire prevention zone 4F-03,the necessary evacuation time TREST was 262.5 s,less than the available evacuation time TAEST(272.4 s),on the basis of which the optimization ant colony algorithm was applied to re-plan the evacuation path map,and calculated that Rd was 2.46 to meet the safety needs,and the fire risk level in the cinema area was reduced to safer,thus providing a scientific basis for reasonable and effective control of the fire risk of the new city complex.Figure[22]table[27]reference[74]...