Study On Collaborative Scheduling Of Berths And Quay Cranes Under The Integration Of Multiple Quays In Single Container Port Area

As an important node in the international supply chain,container port has the characteristics of intensive resource and complex external environment.In the port production and operation system,due to the restricts of investment scale and geographic space,berths and quay cranes are the main scarce resources,and their scheduling schemes directly affect the terminal's operation efficiency and business benefits.With the changes in shipping capacity and the trend of large vessels,in the actual operation of the port,due to factors such as the scattered main body of individual terminal and the small scale,the terminal's shoreline and loading machinery cannot be rationally utilized,which will lead to the extension of time that ship stay at port.At the same time,due to the lack of cooperation between different operating entities and the homogeneity of services,it is easy to cause vicious price reductions and zero-sum competition,which is not good for the long-term development of the port.In order to improve the operating environment and expand the market size,while optimizing the resource allocation and operating level.It is imperative to integrate and optimize the terminal resources within the port area.With the increase of draught caused by the trend of large scale ships,the impact of tide on berthing operation should also be taken into considered during the actual scheduling operation.For costal container ports,the berths in the harbor basins are usually rich in water depth,and the tidal effect is mainly reflected in the need for large ships to enter and leave the channel.Based on the above background,this paper takes the berth-quay crane scheduling system of container terminals as the research object,under the condition of the integration of terminal resources in the port area,we extends the continuous berth-quay crane scheduling problem of a single quay to multiple quays,which also comprehensively considers the tidal factor on the berthing operation of ships and different berth water depths caused by different construction time of each terminal.A hybrid integer linear programming model was constructed with the goal of minimizing the sum of ship-side costs and dock-side costs,coordinately optimizing the ship's time stay at port,berthing position and operating quay crane.For small-scale examples,the OPL language is written to call CPLEX to solve the problem to verify the validity of the model.Considering that the scheduling of berth and quay cranes belongs to NP-hard problem,with the expansion of the calculation scale,the solver will not be able to find the optimal solution of the problem within the effective time.Therefore for large-scale examples,GA-TS algorithm is designed on the MATLAB platform based on the problem structure.The numerical experiment verifies the calculation accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm.Finally,multiple sets of calculation examples at different scales are constructed,and the total time of the ship at the port,the immediate arrival rate,the average single ship operating efficiency and the shoreline utilization are used as evaluation indicators to compare and analyze the multiple quays integrated scheduling and single-quay scheduling(dock at pre-designated quays).The results show the superiority of berth-quay crane scheduling under the integration of multiple quays.