Research On Behavior And Satisfaction Of Middle-aged And Elderly Urban Parks Based On Thermal Perception

The middle-aged and the elderly are the main users of urban parks.City parks to a large extent support and meet the needs of middle-aged and elderly people for leisure,fitness,entertainment,and provide comfortable and healthy outdoor activity spaces.Hefei is located in East China.It is a typical hot summer and cold winter region.And related research shows that,extreme heat and cold are often the main factors that affect the outdoor activities of the middle-aged and elderly people.Therefore,based on the climate characteristics of Hefei,through investigation and research,understand the factors that affect the thermal perception of middle-aged and elderly people in urban parks,and analyze the influence of related heat perception factors on the behavior of middle-aged and elderly people in urban parks and the overall satisfaction of urban parks.On the basis of increasing the utilization rate of urban parks in summer and winter,it is of practical significance to provide middle and old people with more suitable outdoor activity spaces.In this article,we selected Xiaoyaojin Park in Hefei as the research object,selected 15 research plots and divided them into 4 spatial types according to the landscape characteristics of the plots.Through questionnaire surveys and on-site microclimate measurements,analyze the thermal perception of middle-aged and elderly people in different space types,on this basis,we further analyze the factors that affect the outdoor heat perception of middle-aged and elderly people,and the effect of heat perception factors on the satisfaction of middle-aged and elderly people in urban parks and their behavior.Finally,it proposes an optimization strategy to increase the satisfaction of the elderly in urban parks in summer and winter and prolong the park stay activity.Research indicates:(1)In summer and winter,the middle-aged and elderly people in the park have different feelings about the thermal environment.The middle-aged and elderly people in summer are more aware of the thermal environment in the park than in winter.Specifically,In summer,18.32% and 43.51% of the middle-aged and elderly people feel very hot(TSV = 4)and hot(TSV = 3),and 48.85% of the middle-aged and elderly people feel uncomfortable;In winter,45.97% of them Middle-aged and elderly people feel neither cold nor hot(TSV= 0),while 74.19% of the middle-aged and elderly people feel comfortable.(2)Middle-aged and elderly people's heat perception voting in different types of spaces in the park is also different.Among them,the thermal comfort vote and the thermal acceptability vote tend to be the same.In summer,the ranking from high to low is: shadedspace> building shaded space> shaded partly shaded space> open space.In winter,the ranking from high to low is: open space> shaded partly shaded space> building shaded space> shaded space.(3)In terms of influencing factors of thermal perception,in summer,air temperature(Ta),solar radiation(Tg)and PET are positively correlated with thermal sensation,and negatively correlated with thermal comfort.In winter,air temperature and PET are positively correlated with thermal sensation and thermal comfort.The range of heat-neutral PET in Xiaoyaojin Park in summer is 16.93 ?-21.93 ?,and in winter it is 12.09 ?-25.61 ?.In terms of evaluation subjects,the thermal sensation of middle-aged and elderly people in summer is positively correlated with gender and negatively correlated with educational level,thermal comfort is positively correlated with age,and thermal acceptability is negatively correlated with gender.In winter,gender and age are negatively correlated with the thermal sensation of middle-aged and elderly people,and age is negatively correlated with the thermal comfort of middle-aged and elderly people.(4)In terms of the satisfaction and behavior of middle-aged and elderly people in the park,there is a positive correlation between thermal comfort and thermal acceptability and the satisfaction of middle-aged and elderly people in urban parks.The regression coefficients in summer are 0.444 and 0.38,and the regression coefficients in winter are0.227 and 0.329,and have a positive and significant effect on the summer behavior,the regression coefficients are 0.385 and 0.411.The shaded area is the primary place for middle-aged and elderly people to do activities in urban parks in summer.Different shaded environments can change the satisfaction of the middle-aged and elderly people and the length of time they stay in the city park.The study concluded,In the summer,the middle-aged and the elderly have high satisfaction in the shaded space,building shaded space,and shaded partly shaded space.Among them,in the shaded partly shaded space,the satisfaction of the elderly in the shaded part of the water is higher than other shaded spaces in the park.In winter,the middle-aged and the elderly are more satisfied in the open space and the shaded partly shaded space.