Research On Competitiveness Of Main Ports In The South Of The Yangtze River Based On Niche-TOPSIS

Under the new normal of economic development,insisting on op’ening to the outside world is the only way to realize sustainable development," The Belt and Road Initiative " came into being.As an important traffic node,port is an indispensable part of connecting countries along the line and realizing interconnection.At the same time,port integration has become the general trend of port development in China,This strengthens the necessity of port competitiveness research,and also increases the complexity of research.In this context,port competitiveness is no longer a single dimension problem only involving port itself,it has evolved into a multi-dimensional problem that requires comprehensive consideration of ports,environment and the relationship between ports.First of all,this paper reviews the relevant achievements of port competitiveness evaluation and niche theory application,clear definition of port competitiveness and port niche;Secondly,taking the main ports in the south of the Yangtze River as the research object,Select R cluster-variation coefficient method to construct the evaluation index system of port competitiveness;Then,the models of niche width,fitness and overlap are introduced,the breadth of port niche reflects the utilization ability of resources in each factor layer,the suitability of port niche reflects the adaptability of port to the environment,and the overlap of port niche reflects the competition degree of survival and development between ports.Then,a comprehensive matrix including three indicators of port niche width,suitability and overlap is constructed for TOPSIS analysis,measuring the competitiveness of ports.The results show that the comprehensive competitiveness of Ningbo Zhoushan port is the highest,and Xiamen port is the worst.Finally,analyze the characteristics of each port under different influence factors,make clear the status and type of each port,and formulate scientific development strategies.