| Since the "Belt and Road" initiative was launched,many Chinese enterprises led by COSCO Shipping and China Merchants Bureau ports have been racing to plan and invest in port projects along the Seas.The investment projects of Chinese companies in overseas ports are increasing and are constantly being updated.The completion of these projects is not only a recognition of the ports and terminals operation capabilities of Chinese enterprises by the countries along the Belt and Road,but also a positive effect on the economic development of the countries along the route.Port is a large-scale economy,capital-intensive industry,need to invest a lot of capital to build infrastructure,port investment than other industries long recovery period,investment costs irreversible,risk,many factors.The core of port competitiveness is reflected in the operational efficiency of port,evaluating the operational efficiency of port,grasping its operation,and improving the efficiency of capital investment.In the above background,this paper relies on the strategic idea of high-level design of the country,focuses on the important node of the port,studies the operational efficiency of the Chinese-funded port along the sea silk line,and expands the new research angle for the study of the direction of the maritime Silk Road,that is,for the relevant investment enterprises from the theoretical and index data level to understand the problems in the operation of overseas ports and how to improve.Based on the nine ports of official stabilization of the operation of The Sea Silk Line(including 5 holding ports and 4 participating ports),the sample selection principle is:during the evaluation period of 2014-2018,the Chinese-funded foreign ports are located along the Maritime Silk Road,which is officially and steadily operated by the Chinese state.First of all,the qualitative analysis of port operation situation,at the same time,the risk of participating in the port project along the sea wire is analyzed.Secondly,by constructing the port operational efficiency evaluation model,namely DEA-MI model,the research sample port is quantitatively studied from both static and dynamic dimensions.The research results show that:1)The average technical efficiency of these ports is low and the average efficiency of scale is high;2)The comprehensive technical efficiency of the controlling ports of Piraeus Port,COSCO-Newport Terminal and Colombo International Container Terminal improved year by year,but the scale of revenue declined for five consecutive years.Both The Kumport Terminal and the Lome Container Terminal did not achieve operational efficiency,mainly because of the low value of pure technical efficiency.The participating ports have hardly reached the effective state of operational efficiency during the evaluation period;3)The overall total factor productivity of these ports is rising.The increase of the comprehensive technology efficiency of the ports along the route is an important factor of the increase of total factor productivity,but the low scale efficiency restricts the increase of total factor productivity;4)The overall scale efficiency of the ports along the Seas has decreased.This shows that the Chinese-funded ports along the Seas can improve the overall total factor productivity index by expanding the input of factors of production.This is particularly notably the Queanbeyan Terminal,the Lome Container Terminal,the Antwerp Terminal and the Suez Canal Terminal.Based on the above research results,three reasonable improvements are proposed:1)To expand the scale of the Port of Kumport and Lome Container Terminals,2)To control the scale of the ports of Piraeus,COSCO-Newport,Colombo International Container Terminal,and 3)To improve the pure technical efficiency of each port as much as possible. |
