Optimization Strategy Of Structural Space In Primary School Building Based On Evacuation Simulation

As the main place for primary school students' learning activities in school,the evacuation of primary school buildings is related to the life safety of primary school students during emergency evacuation.At present,the researches on such buildings as primary school buildings mostly focus on the need of teaching activities.The researches on the evacuation space are only partial or single space researches,therefore,there is little research on the integrity of space evacuation.The main users of primary school teaching buildings are children from 7 to 12 years old.The study on the evacuation ability and behavior of this special group is still limited to qualitative research,and there is no specific evacuation data available.This paper sorts out the evacuation space of the primary school teaching buildings,extracts the constituent of the structural space of the primary school teaching buildings,and puts forward the concept of "the basic unit of structural space" with the combination of elements.Through simulation experiments of basic units and unit combinations,we try to discuss the interaction between space and personnel during the evacuation of primary school buildings,and then summarize the optimization principle of the structural space of primary school buildings.According to the optimization principle,this paper puts forward optimization strategies for the combination of evacuation space streamlines,evacuation space characteristics and evacuation space combination of teaching buildings from two aspects: the influence of evacuation space on personnel and the requirements of evacuees on space.By sorting out the physiological data of primary school students,this paper provides the basic parameters of evacuation personnel for the performance-based evacuation design of primary schools,studies the optimization strategy of the structural space of primary school teaching buildings,and provides new ideas for the design of primary school teaching buildings and the study of evacuation space.The paper is divided into the following three parts.Part 1 is the research background and theoretical basis.This part mainly expounds the research background,research status and research content,and introduces the research methods and ideas of this paper.It briefly describes the theoretical basis of performance-based design,selects the computer simulation software used in this paper,and determines the physiological parameters related to the evacuation of primary school students,so as to prepare for the follow-up simulation experiments.Part 2 is the study of the structural space of primary school teaching buildings.The constituent elements of the structural space of the primary school teaching buildings are extracted,and the spatial combinations can be divided into three levels of basic unit,unit combination and spatial layout according to the size,and each combination type is analyzed.Based on the analysis,an ideal geometric model is established,and the factors affecting the evacuation efficiency of basic units and unit combinations of structural space are analyzed through simulation experiments,so as to explore the relationship between the structural space of primary school teaching buildings and the evacuation efficiency,and the corresponding optimization methods are proposed according to the experimental results.Part 3 is the overall optimization strategy of the structural space of the primary school teaching buildings.Through the analysis and optimization of simulation experiment,the optimization principle of structural space is summarized,and the relevance between evacuation space and evacuation personnel is discussed.From the two aspects of the guiding and limiting effect of evacuation space on the personnel and the spatial requirements of the attributes and behaviors of the evacuees,an optimization strategy is proposed for the evacuation streamlines,spatial attributes and spatial combination of the structural space of the primary school teaching buildings.