Research On Traffic Space Design Of Primary School Teaching Complex Based On Evacuation Simulation

The safe evacuation in primary school buildings is critical to the life safety of teachers and students in the school.Since students have fixed and unified class time,A large number of teachers and students gather in corridors,stairs,halls and other traffic spaces to evacuate outside when class is over.However,the gathering of a large number of people in the traffic space will reduce the evacuation efficiency,cause congestion,and be prone to trampling accidents.In today’s society,the safe evacuation of teachers and students in primary schools has become a common concern.In terms of research into the evacuation in primary school teaching buildings,most domestic researches focus on traditional teaching buildings,while few of them are centered on the evacuation of traffic spaces in primary school teaching complexes.Moreover,most of the researches on the evacuation of elementary school buildings are carried out on the qualitative level,and the simulation model of the few quantitative researches is relatively simple.Combining BIM technology with Pathfinder,a type of evacuation simulation software,this article makes up the deficiencies of unreal and inaccurate modeling in the evacuation software.BIM modeling can restore the actual structure of the buildings,staircase corridors,various furnishings in the room,etc.,which makes the evacuation simulation more real and accurate and the information richer and more intuitive.The paper summarized the evolution of corridors of elementary school teaching buildings and sorted out the features of modern corridors of school complexes.The evacuation simulation experiments were designed targeting different situations such as the setting,distribution,scale and organization of corridors elements,and the evacuation efficiency was compared to further study the evacuation of corridors of elementary school complexes.The article quantitatively investigated the factors affecting the evacuation of corridors of elementary school complexes and proposed optimization principles and specific strategies based on the experimental data.The data from evacuation simulation supplemented current research on the evacuation of elementary school buildings and provided a reference and basis for architects in designing modern elementary school complexes.Paper contentThe first part is the research background and theoretical basis.It mainly elaborates the research background,research status and research content,making introduction to the research methods and research content of this paper.It explains elementary school teaching complex,BIM,evacuation simulation,introduces Pathfinder,the selected simulation software in the paper,sorts out the related data of the evacuation of primary school students,and briefly describes the process of evacuation simulation.The second part is the organization of the research content.This part focuses on the changes in the traffic space of primary school buildings since the beginning of modern education,expounds the survey content of four primary schools in Qingdao,and sorts out the requirements for the traffic space of primary school teaching buildings under the current norms and standards.Moreover,it compares and analyzes excellent domestic and overseas cases as well as the scale of the transportation space of the primary school teaching complex.This part lays the foundation for the following chapter about the problem of safe evacuation from the transportation space.The third part is the specific content and structure analysis of the space evacuation simulation.This part quantitatively analyzes the element distribution of the traffic space in the elementary school teaching complex,and the influence of factor scale on the efficiency of spatial evacuation,and the impact of traffic organization on evacuation.Based on experiment data,it summarizes the optimization strategies of the traffic space from the perspective of optimization principles,spatial elements,traffic organization and spatial guidance.The fourth part is the optimized design of the engineering case.Taking the Jinan Road Primary School in Laixi City,Qingdao province as an example,this part builds up a BIM model based on the data obtained from the survey,and simulates the evacuation of the teaching building in various situations,proposes and verifies an optimization scheme based on the simulation results.