| With the rapid development of economy and society,the high-tech zone has attracted a large number of employment population,and is gradually becoming a new employment center.However,the imbalance between housing and employment has begun to appear.The decline of traffic organization efficiency and commuting quality in the high-tech zone aggravates the "urban disease" of the whole city.At the same time,the implementation of the strategy of new urbanization and the transformation of new and old driving forces has promoted the cooperation of industry and city and the cooperation of occupation and residence to become one of the goals of the development of Shandong High-tech Zone in the new era,and the comprehensive development has gradually become an effective solution to alleviate the problems of the hightech zone.Based on the construction of the phased law of the coordinated development of Vocational and residential areas in the comprehensive development type high-tech zone,this paper takes 20 high-tech zones in Shandong Province as the research object,and studies the coordinated development of Vocational and residential areas in the overall and case study levels.After analysis,the main conclusions are as follows:1)At the level of theoretical research,this paper initially constructs the phased law of the coordinated development of Vocational and residential areas in the comprehensive development type high-tech zone,focusing on "three stages and four elements".The so-called "three stages" are the initial development stage,rapid development stage and comprehensive development stage of the high-tech zone,and the "four elements" are the land for occupation and residence,the population for occupation and residence,the transportation and commuting and the public service supporting.Among them,in the initial stage of development,the high-tech zone has a poor degree of coordination between occupation and housing,an obvious increase in employment land and population,and a serious shortage of supporting facilities for residence and public services.Workers mainly commute through the form of unit buses or rural public transport;In the rapid development stage,the coordination of occupation and residence in the high-tech zone has been alleviated,the employment land and residence land have been growing rapidly,the employment population has been increasing on a large scale,the growth of the living population is slightly lagging behind,the actual occupancy rate of the new residential area is low,because the public service supporting facilities in the high-tech zone are insufficient,the type of commuting is mainly cross district commuting,and the individual means of transportation such as cars are developing rapidly;In the stage of comprehensive development,the coordination degree of employment and housing in the high-tech zone has improved significantly.The growth of residential land exceeds that of employment land,and the growth rate of employment population has decreased.With the improvement of public service supporting facilities in the high-tech zone,the growth rate of residential population is obvious.The public transport supporting facilities in the high-tech zone are diversified,and the traffic structure is gradually improved.2)At the whole research level,this paper evaluates the development level and the cooperation of occupation and residence of 20 high-tech zones in Shandong Province.It is clear that six high-tech zones,such as Jinan High-tech Zone,Weifang High-tech Zone and Weihai High-tech Zone,belong to the comprehensive development type high-tech zone,and summarizes the index characteristics of the four elements of the high-tech zone,namely,the land for occupation and residence,the land for per capita construction and the public service supporting.Among them,from the perspective of development and construction indicators,the comprehensive development type high-tech zone has a good situation of land development and construction,with a high land utilization rate and a reasonable per capita construction land;From the perspective of indicators of land for occupation and residence,the comprehensive development type high-tech zone meets the standards of industry city integration type park,and the structure of land for occupation and residence is reasonable;From the perspective of the index of occupation and living population,the proportion of occupation and living population in the comprehensive development type high-tech zone is on the high side,the employment supporting facilities are more perfect,and it is more attractive than living;From the perspective of public service allocation indicators,the public service facilities in the comprehensive development type high-tech zone are relatively perfect,even exceeding the standards.3)At the level of typical case study,this paper makes an empirical analysis of Jinan high tech Zone as a typical comprehensive development zone,and studies the coordination of occupation and residence between 1991 and 2018.Among them,in the initial stage of development(1991-2001),the high-tech zone mainly focuses on the development of industrial land,the development of residential land is slow,the growth rate of residential population is far lower than that of the employed population,and the coordination of occupation and residence is poor.By 2001,the proportion of occupation and residence in the high-tech zone is 7.75:1,and the proportion of occupation and residence is 2.34:1;At the same time,the public service supporting and traffic conditions in the high-tech zone are poor.There are a large number of commuters living in the urban area,and most of them use corporate buses,motorcycles and other individual means of transportation to and from work.In the stage of rapid development(2002-2011),both industrial land and residential land showed a trend of growth,but the proportion of industrial land decreased significantly,the scale of residential land expanded rapidly,the employment and residential population increased rapidly,and the structure of occupation and residence improved.By 2011,the proportion of occupation and residence land was adjusted to 1.8:1,and the proportion of occupation and residence population was changed to 2.05:1;At this time,the main road network gradually took shape,the proportion of individual vehicles such as cars increased,and the construction of public service facilities improved to a certain extent.However,a large number of people still live in the urban area,and the number of working residents in the area is also increasing.At the stage of comprehensive development(2012-2018),the growth rate of industry and residential land in the high-tech zone slowed down,the public service supporting facilities were gradually improved,the growth rate of residential population was faster,and the structure of occupation and residence was becoming more reasonable.By 2018,the proportion of occupation and residence land was 1.38:1,and the proportion of occupation and residence population was 1.68:1;At the same time,the growth rate of road land is slowing down,the traffic network is constantly optimized,public service facilities are constantly improved,and the proportion of commuting in the high-tech zone is constantly increasing.However,due to the lag of the construction of BRT tools,the commuting efficiency in Jinan High-tech Zone is low. |
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