Design And Research Of Building Environmental Monitoring System Based On LoRa Technology

With the advancement of technology,human beings are increasingly demanding the safety,comfort,convenience and energy efficiency of buildings.Among them,wireless network has an irreplaceable role in the transmission of basic information of buildings due to its advantages of low cost,high flexibility and strong scalability.The existing wireless building environment monitoring is mostly 2.4G network,which has shortcomings such as short transmission distance,vulnerability to interference,and complex network topology,which poses a challenge to the stable operation of the network and the reliable transmission of data.Long Range(LoRa)is based on spread spectrum technology and enables long-distance,low-power,reliable wireless signal transmission.Aiming at the actual needs of building environment monitoring,this paper designs a building environment monitoring system based on LoRa wireless network,which realizes the information interaction between heterogeneous networks and remote centralized monitoring of buildings,and solves the above problems.This paper designs the overall framework of the building environmental monitoring system,and designs the main components and key technologies of the system.Among them,the problems and solutions in the application of LoRa wireless network networking are mainly studied,including the application of Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA)and Carrier Sense Multiple Access(CSMA)technology.Network address allocation and data routing strategy,detailing the hardware design principles and software implementation flow of each component of the system.In terms of hardware,the system selects STM32 F series MCU to process data,control RF module to send and receive;design multi-sensor fusion node;gateway cooperates with Ethernet chip and Wi-Fi module to connect with the cloud through router to realize communication with cloud platform.In terms of software,the gateway uses the RT-Thread real-time embedded operating system as a software platform to parse and integrate wireless network data into the Internet cloud platform to realize the interaction of heterogeneous network information;routing and nodes to form a star network,using a real-time clock Real-Time Clock(RTC)implements network synchronous communication;in addition,a network configuration device is designed to manage the network.Finally,the paper tests the communication link,overall function and stability of the whole system.The results show that the data collection of the wireless nodes,the network communication of the network and the protocol conversion of the heterogeneous network in the scheme meet the requirements of the building environment monitoring application,and provide a useful reference for the application of the wireless network technology in the building environment monitoring system.