| Under the background of precise poverty alleviation and new-type urbanization,how to speed up the urbanization level of poverty-stricken mountainous counties in central and Western China and how to guide the healthy development of urbanization is an important issue in the development of urbanization in China.At present,there are more studies on Urbanization in the developed coastal areas of the eastern part of the country,and less on the urbanization in poor mountainous areas.In terms of the dynamic mechanism of urbanization,the studies on poor mountainous areas are mostly analyzed from the macro level,but few from the meso and micro level.Therefore,taking Xuan’en County as an example,this paper studies the dynamic mechanism of Xuan’en County’s urbanization from the macro,meso and micro levels,and puts forward corresponding spatial planning and development countermeasures,which is conducive to solving the predicament of county urbanization development in poverty-stricken mountainous areas and providing help for the realization of regional common development.The first part discusses the course of poverty alleviation in China and the reasons for the concentration of poverty-stricken areas,and puts forward that the poverty-stricken mountain counties discussed in this paper mainly refer to the poverty-stricken mountain counties located in the concentration of poverty-stricken areas in China.Next,it analyses the overall situation of poverty-stricken mountain counties in China,mainly from the natural environment,policy environment,economic industry,social culture,urban empty space.Five aspects of equivalence are developed.Thirdly,under the background of poverty alleviation,the process and characteristics of county urbanization in poverty-stricken mountainous areas in China are divided into three stages.The first stage is slow development(1978-1993),the second stage is steady development(1994-2010),and the third stage is rapid development(2011-present).Then,the paper discusses the characteristics of urbanization in poor mountainous counties and the prominent problems restricting its development,which plays an important role in understanding the current situation of urbanization in poor mountainous counties.Finally,combined with the introduction literature review,the preliminary research propositions and ideas are put forward,that is,the dynamic factors of county urbanization in poverty-stricken mountainous areas are reassembled,and from the perspective of urban and rural planning,the preliminary framework of the dynamic mechanism of county urbanization in poverty-stricken mountainous areas is constructed,which includes macro,meso and micro levels.Secondly,the overall thinking and logical reasons of urbanization dynamic mechanism are studied,which constructs a theoretical framework for the study of urbanization dynamic mechanism in poor mountainous counties,which is conducive to the next empirical study.The second part takes Xuan En County as a typical case to study the macro,meso and micro urbanization dynamic mechanism.At the macro level,by analyzing the impact of policies and systems on urbanization,this paper explores the macro-dynamic mechanism of county urbanization development.The research shows that,in macro-policy system,especially in poor mountainous counties,the state’s poverty alleviation policy and investment in poverty alleviation funds have a great impact on their urbanization development,which is an important driving force for their development.Other policy and institutional factors include ecological compensation policy,Counterpart Assistance policy,relevant policies of local governments,land and household registration system,etc.At the meso level,because the policy system plays a role of safeguard and regulation at the macro level,in its transformation and promotion of urbanization development,it realizes its urbanization development through the indicators at the meso level such as industrial economy.Therefore,the index system of meso-dynamic mechanism of county urbanization driven by industrial economy is constructed,and the main driving force of urbanization development is analyzed by using principal component analysis method.Research shows that resources and environment are the basic force and the basis of urbanization development;mountain agriculture is the initial force,on the one hand,providing agricultural products for cities and towns,on the other hand,providing surplus labor for cities and towns;new industry is the leading force,with agricultural products processing industry as the leading industry,and other industries developing slowly;the tertiary industry is the follow-up development force,with basic public services as the main industry,and education as the main force.Urbanization of education is an important thrust,and tourism has great potential for future development.At the micro level,the core of the new urbanization is "urbanization of people".From the micro level,it is necessary to analyze the needs and migration willingness of rural residents.Through on-the-spot investigation and questionnaire interviews,using statistical descriptions and the analysis of binary logic model,this paper explores which factors promote rural residents to move to cities and towns,which factors hinder their migration to cities and towns,and the urbanization of farmers.What is the motivation? It is to study the dynamic mechanism of urbanization from the micro-level of population factors.The research shows that personal factors are negatively correlated with age,education and working years,negatively correlated with the number of students,positively correlated with family income,negatively correlated with social system factors,such as household registration system,family planning policy,etc.,and positively correlated with peasants’ migration.The two variables of medical treatment and cultural entertainment also have a positive impact on it;the cost of living has the greatest negative impact,followed by lifestyle and so on.Finally,it studies the spatial planning system and Development Countermeasures of Xuan’en County.Firstly,based on the analysis of the dynamic mechanism of urbanization at these three levels,the dynamic mechanism of urbanization in poverty-stricken mountainous counties based on the "comprehensive view" is discussed.Through the logical framework analysis,it is concluded that they are mutually influential and restrictive.The motives of the macro-policy system are interrelated with each other,such as promotion,regulation,restriction and release.In the Medium-scale Industrial economy,they are influenced by macro-policy,and at the same time,they are interfered and influenced by micro-peasant’s main behavior.In the micro-population factor,the main behavior of peasants is guided and feedback by macro-policy and meso-industrial economy.However,agriculture is affected by macro-policy and meso-industrial economy.People’s behavioral motivation will also have a certain impact on urbanization.Secondly,the relationship between dynamic mechanism and spatial planning is analyzed.The dynamic mechanism of urbanization influences and acts on space.The behavior of space construction is the representation of the dynamic mechanism of urbanization.The logical thinking of Xuan’en County’s spatial planning system research is put forward,that is,according to the thinking mode of "current situation analysis-dynamic mechanism discussion-spatial planning system research",the construction logic of its spatial planning system is put forward from three levels of macro-policy system,meso-industrial economy and micro-population factors.Thirdly,according to the situation of Xuan’en County,this paper puts forward the corresponding research and thinking of spatial planning system from macro,meso and micro perspectives: first,the urgent need for "legislation" of county territory spatial planning based on macro-dynamic mechanism;secondly,the focus on "space optimization" of characteristic town planning based on meso-dynamic mechanism;thirdly,the exploration of "urban-rural integration" of rural vibration.Promoting planning-based on micro-dynamic mechanism.Fourthly,put forward the Countermeasures of urban and rural spatial development in poverty-stricken mountainous areas,mainly thinking about the transformation of county urbanization development in poverty-stricken mountainous areas under the background of new urbanization;from the perspective of dynamic mechanism of macro,meso and micro levels,put forward the planning countermeasures of urban and rural spatial development in poverty-stricken mountainous areas;and preliminarily constructed the theoretical framework of urban and rural spatial development in poverty-stricken In order to provide some reference for the development of urbanization and related spatial planning in poverty-stricken mountainous counties. |
