Research On The Defensive Characteristics Of Han Di Manor(qing Dynasty To The Early Republic Of China) In South Sichuan

The defensive courtyard dwellings in ancient Bashu area have a long history.The ancestors of Bashu used to live in the mountains.The ancestors of silkworm bushes "live on the hills and on the rocks",in order to prevent the attack of human beings and animals,built the earliest buildings for living and defense.Manor building is the residence of the big gentry and grain households in the feudal society of China.As a unique and special type of residential buildings,it integrates many kinds of space,such as residence,defense,reading,religion,ethics,public service,assembly and so on.It has very high value of science,art,history and utilization.Sichuan is the province with the largest number of "manor" buildings in the country,especially in the south of Sichuan,and its defensive characteristics are prominent.The reason lies in the special geographical situation and historical background of the south of Sichuan: South Sichuan is a rich place where cash crops such as salt,sugar and rice are abundant,and as the most ferocious border mountain area between Sichuan and Guizhou in the early Republic of China,it is also based on the self-preservation of the immigrant population of "Huguang filling Sichuan".The defensive features of some of the big house manors of the gentry are obvious.It is a major feature of manor architecture and has high cultural value.Through the analysis of the background of the emergence and defensive characteristics of Sichuan manor,this paper counts a large number of manor information and its current situation involved in the annals,genealogy and investigation of prefectures and counties in southern Sichuan.Through field investigation and data analysis,this paper explores the common defensive tactics of Handi manor buildings in South Sichuan from three aspects:site selection and layout,architectural functional characteristics and defensive space characteristics.Finally,typical cases are selected to explore the defense art of its layout,shape and so on,so as to reveal the defense individuality of different manors,to understand and discover the influence of various natural and social factors on the defense of traditional manor buildings,and to deal with the danger,the folk wisdom embodied in people's safe living and self-protection.It is not only the material crystallization of residential and immigrant society,but also the witness of social and economic development.Finally,the status quo of South Sichuan manor is analyzed,and protection suggestions are put forward.The purpose is to arouse people's attention to the survival status of this special architectural form,so as to find a reasonable way of protection and development,so that its architectural culture can be continued.