Research On The Space Use And Optimization Strategy Of Vocational Education Base From The Human-oriented Perspective

As an important part of the education system in China,vocational education is an important possy for human resource development,a breach of deepening education reform shouldering the functions of inheriting technical skills and cultivating diversified talents,and an important support of promoting the high-quality development of Chinese manufacturing industry and strengthening the real economy.The state has always been attaching great importance to the development of vocational education.In recent years,as a new type of space that integrates vocational education resources and optimizes the layout of vocational colleges,vocational education bases have been large-scale built in various regions.However,there are few successful cases in the construction and operation of vocational education bases in China.Most of the bases in various regions are facing problems such as shrunken student resources,shortage of funds,large difference from expectations in the effect of integration,and difficulties in resource sharing.Based on the actual situation in the development and construction of vocational education bases,this paper selects the vocational education base in Jinpu New District in Dalian as an example,takes the idea of humanistic planning as a point of penetration,takes Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the planning theory of Jan Gehl as a base,takes the survey on the behavior,feelings and needs of students and staff in the vocational education base as a starting point,and conducts a study combining theoretical exploration with living examples.The study builds a framework based on the idea of "discovering problems-researching on methods-case studying-summarizing needs-providing countermeasures".The humanistic thought has always been running through the idea of modern urban planning.Maslow's hierarchy of needs provides a theoretical basis for combing the needs of teachers and students in vocational education bases.The theory divides basic needs of people into five categories,namely physiological needs,security needs,social needs(needs for belonging and love),needs for respect and self-fulfillment needs,and each of these levels needs to be held by the corresponding urban space.In this way,the theory guides the urban spatial layout and facilities distribution around the vocational education base.This paper obtains actual data by means of field survey,questionnaire,etc.,evaluates the campus public space in reference of the "PSPL survey method",conducts a data analysis in combination with EXCLE,SPSS and other statistical softwares,and then provides advice and suggestions based on the combination of research results and theoretical study.From the people-oriented perspective,this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions for the benign operation of vocational education bases at both microcosmic and macroscopic levels: on micro-level,focus on the antecedence of infrastructure,improve the transportation system and its functional structure to ensure the daily life of teachers and students;strengthen the creation of a comfortable and pleasant environment in campus,establishing a space for sports and communication;on landscape layout,lay an emphasis on combining the characteristics of vocational education with the humanistic spirit,highlighting ideology and education.On macro-level,the location selection should be scientific.In case funds are limited,rationally build a phased and diversified channel of investment and financing;take the route of integrating secondary and higher vocational education and group running in the vocational education base,in order to deepen school-enterprise cooperation;provide vocational education to a wider group of people,such as people in poverty-stricken areas,laid-off and re-employment workers,retired soldiers,etc.,in order to promote a rapid entry into the situation of benign operation of Dalian vocational education base,and moreover provide reference for the subsequent development of vocational education bases as well as the planning and construction of other vocational education bases.