Research On Wayfinding In Outpatient Department Based On Elderly Going To The Hospital Alone

As a building carrying people's birth and death,hospitals have important significance for people's lives.The development of medical technology has promoted the vigorous development of medical buildings,which in turn has increased the demand for space.And the scale of medical buildings has become complicated.As the functional space that the patient first contacts when visiting a doctor,the outpatient department is the most complicated part of the hospital's flow.If the patient gets lost in the process of finding a clinic,it will inevitably increase the stress on the space environment.A good wayfinding experience can alleviate space anxiety and reduce psychological stress so that to improve the medical experience.With age and physical decline,older people's wayfinding in complex environments becomes more challenging.This article,which is based on the intersection of environmental behavior and architecture,is to study the wayfinding in the hospital outpatient department from the perspective of daily medical treatment for the elderly who go to hospital independently.This research starts with theoretical research and combines empirical research to make a comprehensive research and analysis on the wayfinding behavior of general hospital outpatients and elderly medical practitioners in Dalian.First of all,based on the literature review,this paper classifies the spatial form of the general hospital outpatient department and summarizes its advantages and disadvantages.Besides this article reviews the development history of wayfinding,and summarize the concepts related to this research.It's also summarizes the behavior and psychological characteristics of the elderly.Secondly,based on the difference in the type of hospital outpatient department,three representative hospitals in Dalian were selected to carry out empirical research.The investigation is based on the perspective of environmental behavior.Taking independently elderly as a research object,a preliminary survey was conducted on the spatial cognition and wayfinding experience of the elderly through questionnaire interviews.Through the questionnaire,we learned that the complexity of space and spatial similarity are factors that cause difficulties for the elderly to find their way.Then the experimenter needs to track and observe the behavioral trajectories of the elderly,and summarize the influence of path length and turning angle on the old wayfinders in different spatial modes.The study also found that familiarity with space affects spatial cognition and wayfinding efficiency.In this study,to exploreing the impact of different environmental factors on the wayfinding of the elderly,the author uses the celestial image acquisition technology and solid angle calculation to quantify the size of visible environmental elements in the field of view.Finally,on the basis of literature review,factors that affect the wayfinding of the elderly are divided into their own factors,spatial factors and environmental factors.This chapter proposes suggestions for improving the efficiency of wayfinding for the elderly from both spatial and environmental perspectives.Combining theory with field research,this paper through the comprehensive research of multi-faceted finds the lacked of spatial cognition and wayfinding in the elderly.In order to not only meet the needs of the public,but also meet the needs of the elderly wayfinding,it put forward corresponding optimization suggestions.On the other hand,it also wants to improve the environmental quality,and provide reference suggestions for the construction of geriatrics.