Risk Assessment And Prevention Of Traffic Noise In Viaduct Area Of Changchun City

With the continuous improvement of urbanization,the problem of urban traffic noise pollution is becoming more and more serious.In recent years,as a new road form,viaduct brings convenience to people,but aggravates traffic noise pollution.Traffic noise risk refers to the degree of harm that traffic noise may cause to human beings and the possibility of its occurrence.The quality of acoustic environment is an important sign to measure the quality of residents' life.With the improvement of people's living standard,people's requirements for acoustic environment quality improved gradually.Long-term exposure to the environment with serious traffic noise pollution will cause adverse effects on human health and increase the risk of disease.Based on this,this paper puts forward traffic noise risk assessment in viaduct region,aiming at providing scientific reference for environmental protection departments to formulate effective traffic noise risk prevention measures.This paper takes three viaduct regions on the western expressway of Changchun city as the research area and adopts the site monitoring method to monitor the traffic noise in the viaduct region.The traffic noise propagation model was used to predict the noise level.The accuracy of the traffic noise propagation model is verified by comparing the noise level predicted by the traffic noise propagation model with the noise level monitored.ArcGIS software was used to draw traffic noise map of viaduct region to know the status of traffic noise pollution.The risk sources of traffic noise in viaduct region are analyzed and the action mechanism of traffic noise risk in viaduct region is proposed.Based on the traffic noise risk theory and the formation principle of traffic noise risk,the conceptual framework of traffic noise risk in viaduct region is proposed.According to the conceptual framework of traffic noise risk in viaduct region,the evaluation index system of traffic noise risk in viaduct region was determined.According to the theory of natural disaster risk,referring to the formation mechanism of traffic noise risk,the traffic noise risk index model is established by comprehensively considering the four factors and corresponding indexes of traffic noise risk.The viaduct region traffic noise risk assessment in Changchun city was conducted from four aspects: hazard of viaduct area traffic noise,exposure and vulnerability of receptor,the govern ability of traffic noise.The viaduct region traffic noise risk zoning map was drawn through ArcGIS software.The viaduct traffic noise risk prevention measures were formulated according to the traffic noise risk assessment results of different viaduct region.The main research results are as follows:(1)The instantaneous sound level predicted by the traffic noise propagation model proposed in this study is equivalent to the actual measurement level,and the correlation coefficient is more than 80%.The error range is between-6.3dB and 6.9dB.The model can be used to predict the instantaneous sound level then calculate the continuous equivalent sound level(Leq).(2)The results of noise maps showed that about four fifths of the whole Weixing viaduct region is in the environment that the traffic noise level exceeds the standard.In Jingyang viaduct region,about three quarters of the whole Jingyang viaduct region is in the environment that the traffic noise level exceeds the standard.In Qinggang viaduct region,about three fifths of the whole area of Qinggang Viaduct is in the environment that the traffic noise level exceeds the standard.Therefore,the traffic noise pollution in the Weixing viaduct region is more serious than the other two viaduct regions.(3)Statistical analysis results of the relationship between traffic noise level and traffic flow in different viaduct areas show that there is a linear correlation between traffic noise level and traffic flow,and the correlation coefficient is more than 80%,so there is a significant correlation between traffic noise level and traffic flow,and P < 0.001.(4)The order of traffic noise hazard in three viaduct regions is: Weixing viaduct > Jingyang viaduct > Qinggang viaduct.The order of traffic noise exposure in three viaduct regions is: Jingyang viaduct > Weixing viaduct > Qinggang viaduct.The order of traffic noise vulnerability in three viaduct regions is: Weixing viaduct > Jingyang viaduct > Qinggang viaduct.The order of the govern ability of traffic noise of the three viaduct regions is: Qinggang viaduct > Weixing viaduct > Jingyang viaduct.The order of traffic noise risk in three viaduct regions is: Weixing viaduct > Jingyang viaduct > Qinggang viaduct.(5)According to the prevention measures of traffic noise risk in three viaduct region,combined with three ways of noise prevention(sound source weakening,transmission weakening and reception weakening),the paper puts forward the prevention measures of traffic noise risk in Changchun viaduct area,mainly from three aspects: firstly,preventing at the sound source,which achieved through reducing the danger and vulnerability of traffic noise;secondly,taking precautions in the process of communication by setting up sound barriers and strengthening greening construction;thirdly,taking precautions at the receiver by reducing exposure and installing sound insulation windows.