Research On Automatic Detection Algorithm Of Ice Thickness Based On Pulse Ice Penetrating Radar

The Songhua River Basin is located in the high latitudes of northeast Chi na.The vast area,dense river network,abundant water volume and cold meteorological conditions have caused large ice reserves,making it one of the most serious watersheds in China during the early spring.The thickness of the ice layer is one of the important factors of the situation,which represents the ice surface strength and the ice storage capacity in the river channel.The ice that is released in the Kaijiang period is likely to lead to the formation of ice dams,which directly endangers the safety of river defense.The Songhua River Basin is densely populated along the coast,and the urban economy is mature.It will cause serious loss of life and property after the disaster.Therefore,regular monitoring of the ice thickness characteristics of the main stream of the Songhua River is of great significance for ice prevention and ice forecasting in the basin.Referred to the domestic and foreign related literature on ice thickness measurement,this paper briefly introduces the development process and research status of ice thickness measurement,and analyzes the principle and advantages and disadvantages of different ice thickness measurement methods.According to the characteristics of the ice layer in the Songhua River Basin,based on the considerations of detection speed,acquisition error,ice surface integrity and personnel safety,data processing and edge detection are determined based on the pulsed ice detector radar receiving and receiving platform.And the design of the layer tracking algorithm.In this paper,the principle of ice-tracking radar tracking ice horizon is discussed in detail from two aspects of hardware equipment and data processing algorithms.The information acquisition board is one of the core parts of the ice probe radar hardware equipment,which is mainly composed of the main control chip FPGA,AD module,network port module,DDS module,WIFI module and transceiver antenna.By receiving the control command and parameter command transmitted by the host computer,the DDS chip is controlled to generate the transceiver control signal and control the AD chip to perform data collection.The collected data information is sent to the FPGA internal buffer,processed and then uploaded to the host computer through the network port.Achieve high-speed,accurate acquisition of ice information.Provide a reliable data foundation for the next algorithm processing work.Ice-detecting radar data processing algorithms include data pre-processing and horizon tracking.The data received by the antenna is often affected by clutter,noise,attenuation,etc.Therefore,firstly,the error of the collected data is reduced by the data track averaging algorithm inside the FPGA.Then,the data is preprocessed by the upper computer on the data such as automatic gain and median filtering to reduce the influence of noise and equalize the signal energy,so that the ice layer information is more reliable and clear.Then the Robert operator,Prewitt operator and Canny operator applied in image edge detection are discussed.The algorithm is verified by simulation experiments.The correlation-based automatic horizon tracking algorithm often used in seismic faults is studied.Finally,according to the continuity and stability of the ice water horizon data,the seed point peak search method based on the edge detection Canny operator is deeply studied,and the thickness of the ice layer is detected.The method proposed in this paper is capable of detecting ice thickness thickness quickly,non-destructively and safely.