Research On Evaluation Of Public Park Service Level From The Perspective Of Equity & Justice

Public park is an important public service facility in the city.Its spatial location and service capacity are important contents of urban and rural planning,sociology and urban geography.Since the 19 th National Congress,the main contradictions in our society have changed.We have placed more emphasis on solving the problem of uneven and inadequate development,and ensuring that urban residents enjoy urban parks fairly and fully,in line with the basic goals of socialist construction.However,for a long time,China has been using traditional indicators such as per capita park green area and green space rate to guide planning and construction and evaluate planning.With the rapid development of GIS technology in China,the public park accessibility index can directly reflect the spatial correspondence between the spatial distribution of public parks and residential areas,effectively making up for the shortcomings of the above indicators,so it has been widely used and continuously developed.Compared with foreign related studies on social equity and environmental justice in public parks,domestic scholars and planners have not fully realized the social value of park green space.Therefore,it is necessary to learn from the rich theoretical and practical foundations of foreign countries to carry out the evaluation of the service level of public parks in China,and provide technical and theoretical reference for the rational layout of public parks.From the perspective of “equity and justice”,social equity requires that residents of different socioeconomic status obtain roughly equal public parks service levels regardless of residents’ demand;while social justice requires public park services appropriately incline to the disadvantaged groups on the basis of meeting the needs of different residents.Accessibility reflects the difficulty of overcoming the spatial barrier and is an important indicator for evaluating the service level of pubic parks.Based on the understanding of the above concepts,this paper attempts to construct a public park service level evaluation model from social equity to social justice.The public park in Jiang’an District of Wuhan City was selected as the area of empirical research.Based on the traditional two-step floating catchment area(2SFCA),the improvement of OD cost matrix,distance attenuation and supply difference was proposed.The accessibility index based on improved two-step floating catchment area was introduced.It can reflect the service level of public parks actually obtained by the residential community.In the social equity dimension,the “www.Lianjia.com” second-hand housing price and construction age data are used to reflect the socio-economic characteristics of the residents in the community,and the space correspondence between the public park service level and the resident social economic status(SES)is measured by the spatial overlay method.Meanwhile,In the dimension of social justice,limited by the difficulty of obtaining detailed demographic data,the social characteristics of vulnerable groups on the street scale are selected to calculate the social-vulnerable demand index(SDI),and the spatial overlay method is used to measure the service level of public park and the social-vulnerable demand index.The corresponding relationship between the spaces,the equity performance index is used to test whether the service level of the public park actually obtained by various vulnerable groups exceeds the average level of the whole district,and the social justice pattern of the public park service level is measured by the location quotient.The evaluation results show that:(1)service level based on accessibility can effectively represent the park green space service that residents actually obtain;(2)service level spatial difference,social equity and social justice dimension evaluation can effectively measure the rationality of park green space service supply degree.Based on the above evaluation results,from the cognitive level,the technical level,the planning construction level and the institutional level,the corresponding suggestions on the equity and justice construction of the public park service level are respectively proposed to realize the rational allocation of the public park.