Study On Traditional Settlement Public Space From The Perspective Of Spatial Heritage

As the protection of traditional settlements has received extensive attention,relevant research results are more and more abundant.However,in the investigation,we found that the current protection work is still imperfect.The lack of integrity is a common problem in protection,which is mainly manifested in attaching importance to substance but ignoring environment,and protecting material and non-material separately.Public space is the bond between material and spirit in the traditional settlement,and it is also an important component of the settlement heritage.However,it is often declining and lacks protection.The root of the problem lies in the lack of cognition of its value.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of its material and non-material elements from an integral perspective.The spatial heritage theory has the theoretical advantages of expanding heritage cognition,correlation analysis and promoting living inheritance.Starting from the perspective of spatial heritage,this paper uses the value-oriented heritage space analysis method to study the public space of traditional settlements,taking the northeastern part of Hubei as an example.On the basis of theoretical research,this paper puts the traditional settlement public space in northeastern Hubei into its external environment and historical and cultural background,explores its heritage value,and based on this,analyses the source of the value authenticity of public space,and obtains the bearing relationship between spatial heritage and value.Firstly,starting from theory,this paper explores the relationship between public space of traditional settlements and traditional settlements heritage,architectural heritage,intangible cultural heritage,in order to expand the understanding of heritage.From five aspects of economic production,religious beliefs,patriarchal clan system,geomantic omen,customs and habits,this paper analyses the carrying capacity of traditional settlement public space to cultural information.This paper demonstrates the heritage characteristics of traditional settlement public space,and summarizes its characteristics of integrity,relevance and vividness.Further,by means of literature investigation,field investigation and oral history research,this paper conducts an overall investigation on traditional settlement public space in northeastern Hubei,containing its value information,historical and cultural background of formation and development,and its external space environment.Through in-depth analysis of typical cases,it preliminarily draws the cultural connotation of various types of public space.Based on case study,combined with background and case analysis,this paper concluded that the public space of traditional settlements in this area has following heritage value:historical value of witnessing historical period,historical events and historical changes;artistic value of reflecting rural landscape,spatial rhythm and detailed crafts;scientific value of witnessing the creation of mountain settlements and defensive settlements;social value of recording and disseminating traditional culture and strengthening cultural identity;cultural value of embodying the culture of cultivation and reading,patriarchal clan and ritual system,belief culture,bearing folk culture and the cultural meaning of geomantic omen.Finally,from the perspective of integrity and value-oriented,the authenticity information of public space in traditional settlements in northeastern Hubei is sorted out from five aspects: form and structure,interface and construction,production and life,folklore and place,spirit and belief.It is concluded that the material elements of spatial heritage have the cultural significance of conveying space spirit,carrying cultural connotation,local identity and collective memory;the intangible elements have the cultural significance of shaping space spirit,strengthening collective identity,continuing traditional culture and carrying cultural spirit.Thus,it forms a bearing relationship with various heritage values.This paper demonstrates the heritage characteristics of traditional settlement public space,makes a comprehensive survey of the traditional settlement public space and its historical and cultural information in northeastern Hubei,concludes its various heritage values,and finally draws a conclusion that the traditional settlement public space reflects the bearing relationship of heritage value with its cultural significance of material and intangible elements.On the basis of the research conclusion,the suggestion of activation and protection is proposed: the value continuation of traditional settlement public space lies in the protection of its carrying elements,which should be carried out from both material and non-material aspects.Restoring the overall characteristics of space is the foundation,and the ultimate goal is to remodel the cultural spirit of space and maintain the cultural style.