Study On Evaluation Of Urban Bus Service Quality At A Regional Level Based On Multiple Criteria

Public transportation is of great significance to promoting sustainable urban development and alleviating traffic congestion.Therefore,it has become the focus of transportation development in major cities.In the process of urban public transportation construction and development,the reasonable analysis and evaluation of urban public transportation service level provides decision-making basis for the rational and efficient development of urban public transportation,and has become the focus of researchers in urban planning and transportation planning.Existing research is usually carried out at a micro level,such as a public transport service level survey in a relatively small new development area,or a survey on a specific route,and existing studies often select evaluation indicators.The deficiencies of complexity and homogenization have proposed a method for multi-criteria regular public transport service level evaluation at the district level.This method has the advantages of low data requirements and practical results,and can be used for public transportation facilities.The efficient allocation of bus routes has guiding significance and can improve the level of conventional public transportation services in an area.Three criteria for evaluating the level of urban public transport services include: coverage of public transport.Assess the coverage of public transport services to assess the percentage of people in a zone who can use bus services at appropriate distances;the supply of public transport to measure the number of people in a given area or the basis of a certain area of land available The magnitude of the facility;the diversity of public transport routes,representing the various types of routes that travel through different bus services in different regions.A general bus evaluation index system was constructed based on three evaluation criteria.Public transportation coverage has two indicators,population coverage(%),land coverage(%);public transportation supply has four indicators,daily vehicle operation frequency per 1000 population,daily bus vehicle operation frequency per square kilometer,The number of bus stations per 1,000 population,the number of bus stops per square kilometer;the diversity of public transport routes has three indicators,the percentage of OD coverage and the number of OD to bus lines,andthe percentage of OD coverage includes direct OD coverage.Indirect(transfer through a station)OD coverage.An evaluation model combining the ideal solution ranking method(TOPSIS)and K-means clustering method is proposed.Using the approximation of the ideal solution ranking method(TOPSIS)to directly compare the measured values of different indicators,can be used to evaluate the relative scores of the regional evaluation criteria,using K-means clustering analysis method to divide each piece into five categories,each class Correspond to different levels.Shenzhen's regular public transportation was selected as the service level evaluation object for empirical research,detailing the details of the entire evaluation process.By analyzing the evaluation results in detail,it is possible to determine the specific defects of each district and each bus route in the city,and propose an improvement strategy based on this.