| Yongtai Zhuangzhai(Vernacular Castle)is formed in a historical background with social unrest and banditry flooding,and it has a distinctive defensive character.Within the high walls and ramparts,the people of the same clan live together with the ties of blood,constructing the spiritual belief world inherited by the clan.In order to meet the needs of defense,live together and "live in one ancestral hall" at the same time,zhuangzhai usually consists of three systems: one is the residential system to accommodate the needs of family daily life;the other is the self-contained defensive system to ensure the safety of survival;and the other is the belief system centered on patriarchal ritual system.These three systems are interdependent,and constitute such large-scale residential as "dwelling"," defending" and "sacrificing".With the social stability and economic growth,the traditional residential function of Zhuangzhai is gradually unable to meet the needs of contemporary living,and the defense function is no longer of practical significance.Only the clan society has not collapsed,and the belief function gradually shows its core role,becoming the main function of Zhuangzhai at present.In order to further explore the role of belief function in the architectural space of Zhuangzhai,this paper takes the folk belief as the research perspective and the ritual space of Yongtai Zhuangzhai as the research object.The following aspects are discussed:Beginning with the belief culture environment in which Zhuangzhai is located,this paper tries to understand the folk belief culture,ritual expression mode and the corresponding type of belief space in Yongtai area,and analyzes the relationship among belief,ritual and space.In view of the research object of Yongtai Zhuangzhai,this paper gradually elaborates the spatial characteristics of Zhuangzhai and focuses on the evolution trend of its belief function from the formation background of the social level,to the distribution characteristics of its core position at the settlement level,and then to the three functional space types of "residence,defense and belief" of its architectural ontology.By emphasizing the core position of belief function in Zhuangzhai,it preliminarily demonstrates the function of faith on space.This paper focuses on analyzing the ritual space characteristics of Zhuangzhai under the role of folk belief.Firstly,it analyzes the role of traditional geomantic omen,clan ritual culture and the concept of spatial hierarchy reflected by folk belief in the overall site selection,spatial layout and streamline organization of Zhuangzhai.Secondly,it studies the single belief space inside Zhuangzhai,and expounds the direct correlation between the sacrifice demand caused by folk belief and the generation of various ritual space nodes in Zhuangzhai.Thirdly,focusing on the partial decoration of Zhuangzhai,the paper expounds the structural difference reflected by the hierarchical order and the geomantic remedy measures based on the thought of pursuing good luck and avoiding disaster.Taking folk belief as the key,this paper analyzes the characteristics of Zhuangzhai ritual space from three dimensions: overall spatial organization-single belief space – partial special construction.Based on the above discussion,this paper comes to the following conclusions about the ritual space and folk belief of Yongtai Zhuangzhai: first,as a large traditional residence bearing the collective memory of the family for hundreds of years,the spatial implication and place spirit of Zhuangzhai are more valuable than the architectural entity.Secondly,the role of folk belief in the spatial form of Zhuangzhai ritual is reflected in various aspects.Belief affects the formation of space,which in turn strengthens and expresses belief.Thirdly,the gradual decline of Zhuangzhai's original function,such as residence and defense,is the inevitable result of historical development,and the inheritance of faith is also the spontaneous choice of the people.Based on the contemporary adaptability of the belief function of Zhuangzhai,we should carry out correlation protection for its internal folk belief and external ritual space. |
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