Landscape Pattern Analysis And Planning Application Research Of Tengyunling Forest Park In Hunan Province

This paper takes the Yongyun Tengyunling Forest Park in Hunan Province as the research object,and analyzes the plaque characteristics,spatial relationship and landscape diversity of the landscape pattern in the park.At the same time,it analyzes the physical and chemical properties of soil and water quality in the region,as well as the air quality,and further studies the suitability of planning and development in forest parks,and provides a theoretical basis for the future landscape planning and sustainable development of forest parks.The main research results are:(1)Analysis of landscape pattern characteristicsThere are a total of 335 plaques in the Tengyunling Forest Park.The average number of plaques in each landscape type is 47.8.The distribution gap is large.The broad-leaved forest and the no-wood forest have a high degree of fragmentation,which is particularly vulnerable to the external environment.The plaque area showed that the plaque area distribution of all types of landscape types was uneven.The coniferous forest was the largest,which was 1193.685 hm2,and the river waters was the smallest,which was 83.61 hm2.The broad-leaved forest has the highest plaque density of 2.2431.The plaque density showed that the vegetation,landscape types of coniferous forests had better exchange of substances,species,energy and information,and the plaque heterogeneity was good.The landscape shape index indicates that the landscape type of river water has the highest complexity,which is 22.328,while the broad-leaved forest,coniferous forest,bamboo forest,shrub land and un-forested land have relatively low landscape types,and the landscape types without standing forests are the least complex.According to the total marginality,the coniferous forest has the largest value of 179,745,followed by the bamboo forest,and the values of 154,640 and broad-leaved forest 150645 have uncertain diffusion directions.The total length of the edge of the standing woodland is the smallest,indicating that the shape is slower and more complicated.The spatial characteristics of landscape plaques indicate that the connectivity index between landscape patches in forest parks is between 0.6342 and 14.2857.The spatial connectivity of different landscape types is not high,but the connectivity of rivers and rivers is the best.The concentration of landscape patches in the park is high with an average of 97.In general,some landscape types in Tengyunling Forest Park are relatively fragmented.The landscape richness is 7,H=1.7896,the landscape heterogeneity is medium level,the forest landscape diversity is not high,the uniformity index is 0.7202,the degree of fragmentation is h:igh,and the distribution of matter and information is balanced.In summary,the degree of landscape diversity in the region is generally low,the landscape heterogeneity is not obvious,and the landscape types are balanced.The landscape patches of Tengyunling Forest Park are simple and regularly distributed,indicating that the human disturbance factors are large.(2)Analysis of environmental quality characteristicsThe environmental quality related factors of Tengyunling Forest Park were analyzed.Most of the soil parks were covered by forests.The concentration of pollutants in the soil was low,and the soil quality remained at a natural level.The soil quality in the park has reached the first-class standard of national soil environmental quality(GB15618-2008).The water quality meets the limit of Class Ⅱ water standard in the national surface water environment quality GB3838-2002,which proves that the water quality is good and the water environment is properly protected.The concentration of negative oxygen ions in the park is significantly higher than that outside the park.The bacteria content in the air in the forest park is 31-471/m3,and the air quality is clean.(3)Planning and application research:Functional division:The landscape pattern in the forest park is relatively stable,and the ecological effect is good,but the vegetation type is not rich.The broad-leaved forest is the main ecological conservation area,and some coniferous forests and shrub land are classified into the conservation area for protection.The bamboo forest landscape has a good effect and is classified as a general recreation area.The landscape types of unforested and non-established forests are relatively low in complexity and p.oor in landscape superiority and are classified as management service areas.The river waters have a good connection with the landscape,and the degree of viewing is good to be included in the core landscape area.Plants:Use local plant landscapes according to local conditions,mix them with plants suitable for the local environment,and renovate plants in some areas.Road:According to the reasonable layout of the forest park’s topography and geomorphology,reduce the damage caused by human factors,and extend the multiple scenic spots of the road to achieve different visual effects of the landscape and reduce the adverse effects caused by human activities.The soil in the park is pollution-free,with good water quality and good air quality.In the use of landscape types in forest parks,comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility in different forests should be considered to find the relationship between different nutrients.Fully improve the utilization level of landscape types,maintain the pollution-free level of water quality,increase supervision,minimize the pollution caused by human intervention to forests,realize the utilization of multiple landscape structures,and promote the sustainable development of forest parks.