| Currently,the characteristics and values of numerous traditional cultural landscapes in the world have disappeared or been threatened.Due to the remote geographical site and relatively close geographical area,the mountainous area has formed a unique national culture and agricultural technology system,and it has been preserved to a complete condition so far.As a special type of cultural landscape,Mountainous Agricultural Cultural Landscape emerged in the process of residents living with the environment for thousands of years.It is characterized by traditional agriculture and minority culture closely linked with the natural conditions.Through the research of cultural landscape protection theory,international convention and management policy,this paper finds that the protection of cultural landscape now has three major trends:regional overall protection,comprehensive value assessment and quantitative space optimization.Through the analysis of different types of mountain agricultural cultural landscape protection types,cultural revitalization and livelihood protection from the Sustainable Development Goals have become the current mainstream protection measures.Based on the above analysis to set up the framework of mountain agriculture cultural landscape protection based on originality,dynamics and sustainability.This paper takes the Jiache Valley as the research object,which is the core distribution area of Jiabang Terrace,located in Congjiang County,Qiandongnan Prefecture,Guizhou Province.Research methods for conservation research include field research,field surveys,and spatial analysis(1)Combing and sum up the natural geographical environment of the Congjiang area and the social and cultural evolution of the Hmong nationality,it is found that the unique Hmong national agricultural cultural landscape is formed from three stages which including the formation of mountain environment,the formation of basic civilization of rice and the development of agricultural production technology,and it has a typical spatial pattern of "mountain-water-forest-field-village";(2)Taking the Jiache Valley as the core research area,and analyzing the characteristics of the mountain forest landscape,farmland landscape,water landscape,settlement landscape and human landscape at the valley scale,analysis the typical pattern of the Jiache Valley own the circle spatial characteristics with the mountain forest as the basement,with water as the link,with the public space associated with the human landscape as the core,with the scattered settlement and the farmland landscape as the main content.(3)Based on the research perspective of indigenous knowledge,summarize the indigenous knowledge system.followed by the local Hmong people in the process of managing natural resources,and explore the cognitive influence and inheritance of local Hmong people on the indigenous knowledge system under the intergenerational change and the change of livelihood mode.This paper proposes comprehensive protective management measures led by local community management,and evaluates the value from a systematic perspective to summarizes the three outstanding values of culture landscape as the historical-cultural value,agricultural-ecological value,and livelihood-system value of Jiache Valley;(4)Based on the spatial pattern and the overall value of the cultural landscape to analyze the spatial optimization of Jiache Valley to work out the spatial optimization structure and zoning management measures by Morphological spatial pattern analysis and the Minimum Path method.Through the exploration and protection of the Mountain agricultural cultural landscape of Jiache Valley,it would offer some reference for the protection practice of traditional cultural landscapes in other Mountain regions in the future. |
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