Analysis On The Evolution And Influence Factors Of The Spatial Distribution Pattern Of Mosques In Henan From Yuan Dynasty To The Republic Of China

With the “Belt and Road” initiative proposed,China has strengthened the contact with Muslim countries.The Muslim culture plays an important role in promoting mutual exchanges.Deepening the understanding of the Hui culture is conductive to strengthening the cultural and economic exchanges between China and the Muslim Countries along “Belt and Road”.As a religious landscape of Islam,the mosques are closely related to the political and economic activities of Muslim and are the carrier of the Hui culture.The evolution of spatial distribution pattern of the mosques in a long period of time is not only a review of the historical development of the Hui population,but also a deep understanding of the Hui culture.Henan is a large province of Hui nationality and mosques.At the same time,it is an important province in the "Belt and Road" initiative and an important hub for Hui cultural exchanges.How to quantitatively study the evolution of mosques spatial distribution pattern and its internal relations with population,transportation,national policies and other factors,so as to deeply understand the development process of the Hui nationality in Henan province and provide a basis for the implementation of ethnic policies,this is the main research purpose of this paper.So,this paper selects the mosques in Henan from the Yuan Dynasty to the Republic of China as the research object.Through literature analysis and mathematical statistics,the number of mosques in Henan from Yuan to the Republic of China was examined and statistically analyzed.The spatial distribution pattern evolution of the mosque is explored by using GIS spatial analysis method,such as standard deviation ellipse and nuclear density.Analysis of the influencing factors of spatial distribution pattern evolution in both humanities and nature,the mainconclusions are as follows:(1)Through the textual research and statistical analysis of the number of mosques in Henan from Yuan to the Republic of China,there are only 11 mosques in Henan in yuan dynasty,142 in Ming dynasty,477 in Qing dynasty and 709 in the Republic of China.In the Yuan dynasty,mosques were distributed in six prefecture-level cities,such as Jiaozuo and Kaifeng in Henan.In the Ming dynasty,the number of mosques in Zhengzhou,Pingdingshan,Nanyang,Jiaozuo and Zhoukou increased rapidly,and the number of mosques in Henan fluctuated more than that in the Yuan dynasty.In the Qing dynasty,mosques were distributed in 17 prefecture-level cities in Henan,and 7 prefecture-level cities,such as Zhengzhou,Xinxiang and Luoyang,the number of mosques reached the peak.In the Republic of China,mosques have been all over the prefecture-level cities in Henan.(2)Through the spatial distribution characteristics and standard deviation ellipse analysis of the mosques in Henan from Yuan to the Republic of China,from Yuan to the Republic of China,the number of mosques in Henan showed an uneven distribution in space,and the number of mosques in each city has kept changing.The proportion of mosques in northern Henan has been decreasing,and the central and eastern cities have always been in a dominant position,and the southwestern cities had increased significantly.From the Yuan dynasty to the Republic of China,the main distribution direction of mosque in Henan changed from northwest to southeast to northeast to southwest,and the change of the direction from the Yuan dynasty to the Ming dynasty was obvious.The main distribution direction of mosque from the Ming dynasty to the Qing dynasty remained basically unchanged,and the trend was relatively flat.From the Qing dynasty to the Republic of China,there was a trend from east to west.(3)Mean nearest neighbor and kernel density analysis show that,the average nearest neighbor index of the mosques in Henan from Yuan to the Republic of China gradually decreased,and the overalldistribution of mosques was getting higher and higher.While the dense areas are constantly changing.Since the Ming Dynasty,there have been obvious high-concentration areas,which are larger than the Yuan Dynasty,and basically formed the distribution pattern of “large dispersion,small agglomeration",which laid the foundation for the current distribution pattern of mosques in Henan.The number of highly dense areas and sub-dense areas in the Qing dynasty decreased,and the concentration of mosques in local areas decreased.The coverage area of highly dense areas has changed from Qing dynasty to the Republic of China in Zhenzhou and Zhoukou.On the whole,the distribution pattern of mosque in Henan was developed by the dot-shaped,belts and planar from Yuan Dynasty to the Republic of China.(4)Through the analysis of the influencing factors of the evolution of the spatial distribution pattern of the mosque show that,the distribution of Hui population,traffic location,national policy,and natural environment have different effects on the evolution of the spatial distribution pattern of mosques.The migration and flow of the Hui population are the mainly affection,and traffic,national policies and natural environment are indirect factors.The emergence of railway and automobile transportation weakens the advantage of traditional shipping,and the spatial distribution of mosques is less affected by traffic factors.Both railway and automobile traffic have led to increasing the construction of mosques of urban,but the advantages of automobile traffic are more obvious than those of railways.The national policies of the Yuan and Ming Dynasty have the most significant impact on the spatial distribution of mosques.The mosques of Henan are mainly distributed in plain and basin cities with relatively low terrain.