Research On The Holistic Governance Issue Of Taihu Basin

Since the 21st century,the water problem has always plagued human society.The shortage of resources,frequent disasters,serious pollution and ecological fragility are the four most important types of water problems facing China.On the surface,the water crisis facing China is a resource crisis,but actually it reflects the institutional crisis of watered management in China.In order to overcome this crisis,China has carried out many watered management system reforms since the founding of the People’s Republic of China.In the Taihu Basin,it has experienced two governance stages,divided by promoting the "River Chief System".This paper aims to study the holistic governance issues of Taihu Basin.After combing the institutional changes of Taihu Basin,this paper analyzes the practice of governance integration in the process of institutional change in Taihu Basin by using the holistic governance theory tool,and points out that dilemmas that Taihu Basin holistic management are currently faced with,at the same time putting forward corresponding policy suggestions,just in order to provide reference for China’s future watered holistic governance reform.This paper first reviews the relevant literatures on holistic go’vernance and watershed governance.At present,the relevant research is continuously enriched and improved,but there are relatively few studies on the holistic governance of basin,which mainly focus on the study of the "River Chief System".Therefore,this paper attempts to study the holistic governance of the Taihu Basin from a more macro perspective.The holistic governance theory is the theoretical core of this paper,and its connotation is explained in this paper.Perry Hicks built a vertical cone integration governance model from 4 angels:the governance level,governance function,public and private sectors and pointed out the practice path of coordination-integration-tightening.Although the theory of holistic governance originated in the West,the theory is coupled with the reality of watershed management in China,regardless of governance concept,governance goal or integration mechanism.Then,the paper combes the institutional changes of Taihu Basin governance,introduces the general situation and basic characteristics of Taihu Basin,and divides Taihu Basin governance system mechanism into two stages,the first stage is from 1949 to 2007.This stage was the "Water Control in Kowloon" stage,and the second stage was from 2007 to the present,which was the"River Chief System" stage.Using the holistic governance theory tool,it can be observed that the implementation of the "river chief system" has led to the integration of many aspects of the governance concept,organization,operational mechanism and service methods of the Taihu Basin.From the perspective of governance concept,the"River Chief System" promotes the integration of responsibility and the integration of public interests.The integration of responsibility is mainly manifested in the focalization and the routinization of responsibility.The integration of public interests is manifested in the local interests and the public interest of the departments;In view,the Taihu Basin has achieved a certain degree of integration at the governance level,governance function,and public and private sectors,which is embodied in the vertical strengthening of government executive power,the "River Chief System" authority to guide departmental collaboration,collaborative governance atmosphere and initial formation;In view of this,the "One River and One Policy" mechanism provides the possibility of providing seamless public services in the Taihu Basin.From the perspective of service methods,the supply of multiple services and the integration of network technologies have promoted the integration of service methods in the Taihu Basin.However,at present,the Taihu Basin still faces some practical difficulties in realizing overall governance.These dilemmas mainly focus on responsibility implementation,horizontal coordination and public participation.In terms of responsibility implementation,the current division of governance responsibility in the Taihu Basin lacks sufficient legal support.In the process of governance,the cost of responsible contracting has been steadily sinking,and the accountability mechanism has gradually moved toward a vacuum.In terms of horizontal coordination,the integration of government functions of the Taihu Basin is still insufficient.The local government,especially the provincial government,lacks a normalized coordination mechanism.The Taihu Basin Authority has failed to play its due role and is in a dilemma.At the level of public participation,there is still a weak public participation and public-private participation.Issues such as separation of subjects and single participation channels have affected the integration of governance entities.Finally,this paper proposes a corresponding governance countermeasures for the.holistic governance of the Taihu Basin.In order to truly promote the holistic governance of the Taihu Basin,we should update the governance concept,strengthen the system guarantee and advocate multi-governance.The renewal of the governance concept relies on the improvement of the overall responsibility and trust mechanism.The strengthening of the system guarantee depends on strengthening the legal basis,improving the coordination mechanism,and improving the river basin management system.Finally,we must promote diversity by increasing the awareness of participation,introducing multiple subjects,and broadening the channels of participation to promote multiple governance.