Preliminary Study On The Spring Water Resources Of Shaanxi And Their Exploitation During Ming And Qing Dynasty

Spring water is a groundwater resource that has been widely exploited and utilized by people during the historical period.It has rich social and economic functions and cultural values.The traditional study of water conservancy has neglected many springs.Recently,a series of studies on springs and springs have emerged in the recent history of water conservancy social history.The spatial focus is on Shanxi,and the research content is mainly based on spring water irrigation and water rights.On this basis,this paper focuses on the temporal and spatial changes and development and utilization of spring water resources in Shaanxi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,focusing on the investigation and filling of gaps,enriching and deepening the research on spring water resources.Through the collection,integration and statistics of the spring water resources in the Western Shaanxi Province,this paper sorts out the distribution of spring water and the temporal and spatial changes,which are roughly divided into three regions:northern Shaanxi,Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi.Among them,the Guanzhong area is the most abundant in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The changes in growth and decline have also been the most dramatic.It should be noted that the quantity,characteristics,duration,etc.of the spring water reflect the cultural orientation of the writer rather than the actual situation to a certain extent.The development and utilization of spring water in S:haanxi in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is divided into practical functions and social and cultural functions.In terms of irrigation,this paper discusses the characteristics of spring water irrigation in different areas such as"Quanhe Jiaoli","Quan Xiaoli”and'"No Irrigation”.In terms of diet,daily use and urban water use,this paper discusses The form used by the springs,the influence of the spring waters on the official ritual system,and the water ume within special areas such as belief circles,private gardens,and military defense rmechanisms.The social and cultural functions of spring water in Shaanxi in the Ming and Qing Dynasties are more diverse.Among them,in the spring water prayer-for-rain,the di:fference between the natural environment and the local culture leads to the difference of pray-for-rain customs in different places.The spring water plays different roles in the pray-for-rain ceremony;in the spring water and moral education,the local chronice goes out of the spring water.The records reflect the official etiquette and moral discipline of the civil society,includ:ing the officially promoted values such as festivals and filial piety:and the springs and landscapes,on the conceptual level,the records of'tlhe local history on the spring landscape not only reflect the literati's doctor's orientation of the landscape,and constantly trying to chang,e the culture and change the customs through shaping the spring water.