Research On Crashworthiness Of 100% Low Floor Trams Under Mixed Right Of Way

With stricter of the approval thresholds in the construction of subways and light rails,modern trams have been widely adopted as its advantage of lower cost,small turning radius,strong climbing ability,and comfortability.The tram with the mixed right of way mode share the road with ground traffic vehicles and pedestrians.In this mode,when the tram has a collision accident,which involves the end collision and the side impact of the tram.The consequences of accidents are more serious,which puts forward stricter requirements for the crashworthiness of trams.In this paper,the numerical research for the passive safety of trams includes three aspects:the end and side impact performance of the tram,the secondary collision response of the occupants,and the improvement and optimization of the end energy-absorbing structure.Firstly,this paper briefly introduces the form of mixed road rights and discuss the significance of the research on the crashworthiness of 100%low-floor trams,and presents the relevant theory of the collision simulation analysis of trams.Then the relevant standards for passive safety of trams are introduced,and proposes a method to study the side impact of trams based on the standards of automobile collision.Secondly,a finite element model of trams was established according to EN15227"Crashworthiness Requirements for Railway Vehicle Body" standard,the automobile side collision regulations and related research are considered in setting two kinds of end-impact scenarios and two kinds of side-impact scenarios.collision responses of trams in each scenarios are evaluated including driver's cab deformation,the wheelset lifting,and the intrusion of the side wall of the car body.Thirdly,seats and dummy models are created for numerically analyzing the damage of dummy caused by secondary collisions and the safety protection of occupants in trams is evaluated referring the relevant standards of automobile collision safety.Finally,an equivalent simplified model of two train collisions is established and verified by theoretical deduction and simulation comparison.A modular energy-absorbing structure is designed considering the front-end installation space of the train,of which the size optimization is solved under the multi-objectives of maximizing the energy absorption of the combined energy-absorbing structure and minimizing the deformation of the cab,the structural design by optimization greatly reduces the maintenance cost of the vehicle in a slight collision accident.The crashworthiness of the tram was studied in the numerical analysis of the crashworthiness of the vehicle,the secondary collision analysis of the occupant,and the optimal design of the energy absorption structure in this paper.It has certain reference significance for the passive safety design of the tram.